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CVE-2026-10645— Out-of-bounds read in Zephyr ext2 directory entry traversal from a crafted filesystem image

Quick assessment

Affected
zephyrproject zephyr
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

zephyrproject-rtos Zephyr是zephyrproject-rtos的实时操作系统。 Zephyr Project Zephyr 4.4版本及之前版本存在缓冲区错误漏洞，该漏洞源于ext2目录项解析器未完全验证磁盘目录项结构，可能导致特制ext2镜像引发越界读取或无限循环，导致拒绝服务。

CVSS 4.9 · Medium EPSS 0.16% · P4

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
zephyrproject zephyr 3.5.0< 4.5.0 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-10645

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Out-of-bounds read in Zephyr ext2 directory entry traversal from a crafted filesystem image
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
The Zephyr ext2 filesystem driver (subsys/fs/ext2) trusted the on-disk directory entry fields de_rec_len and de_name_len when walking a directory block. ext2_fetch_direntry() guarded only with de_name_len > EXT2_MAX_FILE_NAME, but de_name_len is a uint8_t and EXT2_MAX_FILE_NAME is 255, so the check is always false; the function then memcpy'd up to 255 name bytes and the lookup/readdir paths advanced traversal by an unvalidated de_rec_len. Each directory block is read into a block_size-sized slab buffer, and block_off can be driven near the block end by preceding entries' rec_len, so the 8-byte header read and the subsequent name memcpy can read up to ~263 bytes past the end of the block buffer into adjacent heap/slab memory. On the readdir path those bytes are returned to the caller in fs_dirent.name, leaking adjacent kernel heap memory; a de_rec_len of 0 also causes a zero-progress infinite loop (denial of service), and the unlink path's memmove(de, next, next_reclen) over unvalidated records is an additional OOB read/write source. The defect is reached by any path-based operation (open, stat, unlink, rename, mkdir) or directory listing on a mounted ext2 volume, so a crafted or corrupted ext2 image on attacker-supplied storage (SD card, USB mass storage, or otherwise mounted image) triggers it. Affected: Zephyr ext2 from its introduction in v3.5.0 through v4.4.0. The fix validates rec_len and name_len in the parser and rejects entries whose header does not fit the remaining block or whose rec_len crosses the block boundary in every traversal caller.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
跨界内存读
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Zephyr Project Zephyr 缓冲区错误漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
zephyrproject-rtos Zephyr是zephyrproject-rtos的实时操作系统。 Zephyr Project Zephyr 4.4版本及之前版本存在缓冲区错误漏洞，该漏洞源于ext2目录项解析器未完全验证磁盘目录项结构，可能导致特制ext2镜像引发越界读取或无限循环，导致拒绝服务。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
zephyrproject zephyr 3.5.0 ~ 4.5.0 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-10645

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-10645

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-10645 (1)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-10645 (1)

Same Patch Batch · zephyrproject · 2026-06-22 · 3 CVEs total

CVE-2026-10651 7.1 HIGH Out-of-bounds read in Bluetooth Classic SDP attribute parsing (`bt_sdp_parse_attribute`)
CVE-2026-10658 7.1 HIGH Out-of-bounds access in Bluetooth ISO receive (`bt_iso_recv`) due to missing SDU-header le

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: zephyr
Same vendor: zephyrproject
Same weakness: CWE-125

V. Comments for CVE-2026-10645

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