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CVE-2026-10646— Use-after-return in `zsock_getaddrinfo()` when a timed-out DNS query is retried without cancellation

Quick assessment

Affected
zephyrproject zephyr
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Zephyr是Zephyr组织开源的一个可扩展的实时操作系统 (RTOS)。 Zephyr 4.0.0版本至4.4.0版本存在资源管理错误漏洞，该漏洞源于BSD-sockets getaddrinfo()实现中，异步DNS解析器查询时将栈分配状态对象指针作为user_data传递，且在信号量超时后重试查询前未取消前一个查询或重置信号量，使得旧查询仍处于活动状态，其回调函数可能访问已失效的栈帧，导致释放后重用，可造成崩溃、拒绝服务或内存损坏。

CVSS 7.4 · High EPSS 0.45% · P37

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1203 · Exploitation for Client Execution

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
zephyrproject zephyr 3.7.0< 4.5.0 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-10646

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Use-after-return in `zsock_getaddrinfo()` when a timed-out DNS query is retried without cancellation
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Zephyr's BSD-sockets getaddrinfo() implementation (subsys/net/lib/sockets/getaddrinfo.c) passes a pointer to a stack-allocated state object (struct getaddrinfo_state ai_state) as the user_data of an asynchronous DNS resolver query. The socket layer waits on a semaphore with a timeout deliberately set slightly longer than the resolver's own per-query timeout. When that semaphore wait nonetheless times out (-EAGAIN) - which can occur when the resolver's timeout work is delayed by workqueue contention, or in the documented multi-retry configuration where CONFIG_NET_SOCKETS_DNS_TIMEOUT exceeds CONFIG_NET_SOCKETS_DNS_BACKOFF_INTERVAL - the pre-fix code retries the query (goto again) without cancelling the previous one and without resetting the semaphore. The previous query slot remains active in the resolver with its callback and the stack pointer as user_data, and ai_state->dns_id is overwritten so the stale query can no longer be cancelled. A subsequent DNS response delivered over UDP and matched by its 16-bit transaction id (in dispatcher_cb()/dns_read()), or the resolver's own delayed query-timeout work, then invokes dns_resolve_cb() against the now out-of-scope stack frame, writing through the stale pointer (state->status, state->idx, state->ai_arr[], and k_sem_give()). Because the triggering response is network-delivered and its 16-bit id is spoofable/replayable by an on- or off-path attacker, this is a network-influenceable use-after-return that can corrupt reused stack memory, leading to crashes/denial of service or memory corruption. The fix cancels the timed-out query by name and type before retrying and resets the local semaphore, eliminating the stale callback path. Affected: Zephyr v4.0.0 through v4.4.0.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
释放后使用
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Zephyr 资源管理错误漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Zephyr是Zephyr组织开源的一个可扩展的实时操作系统 (RTOS)。 Zephyr 4.0.0版本至4.4.0版本存在资源管理错误漏洞，该漏洞源于BSD-sockets getaddrinfo()实现中，异步DNS解析器查询时将栈分配状态对象指针作为user_data传递，且在信号量超时后重试查询前未取消前一个查询或重置信号量，使得旧查询仍处于活动状态，其回调函数可能访问已失效的栈帧，导致释放后重用，可造成崩溃、拒绝服务或内存损坏。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
zephyrproject zephyr 3.7.0 ~ 4.5.0 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-10646

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-10646

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-10646 (1)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-10646 (1)

Same Patch Batch · zephyrproject · 2026-06-28 · 3 CVEs total

CVE-2026-10593 6.5 MEDIUM Remotely triggerable NULL-pointer dereference in Bluetooth LE Audio BAP unicast client QoS
CVE-2026-10644 4.2 MEDIUM Out-of-bounds write in Microchip SERCOM-G1 (PIC32CM-JH) async UART RX with 1-byte buffer

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: zephyr
Same vendor: zephyrproject
Same weakness: CWE-416

V. Comments for CVE-2026-10646

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