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CVE-2026-10663— Use-after-free / double-free of the root USB device in the experimental USB host stack

Quick assessment

Affected
zephyrproject zephyr
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

zephyrproject zephyr是zephyrproject组织开源的一款实时操作系统内核。 Zephyr Project Zephyr 4.4.0版本及4.5.0之前版本存在资源管理错误漏洞，该漏洞源于USB主机堆栈中usbh_device_disconnect()函数未清除缓存指针ctx->root，导致释放后重用和双重释放，攻击者可通过物理USB访问触发拒绝服务和内存破坏。

CVSS 6.1 · Medium EPSS 0.24% · P13

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
zephyrproject zephyr 4.4.0< 4.5.0 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-10663

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Use-after-free / double-free of the root USB device in the experimental USB host stack
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In Zephyr's experimental USB host stack (CONFIG_USB_HOST_STACK), usbh_device_disconnect() (subsys/usb/host/usbh_device.c) freed the root usb_device slab object without clearing the cached pointer ctx->root. The bus removal handler dev_removed_handler() (subsys/usb/host/usbh_core.c) decides what to tear down solely from ctx->root, checking only that it is non-NULL. Because UHC controller drivers (e.g. uhc_max3421e, uhc_mcux_common) synthesize UHC_EVT_DEV_REMOVED directly from physical bus line state with no debounce or state guard, an attacker with physical USB access (or a rogue device that bounces its connection) can deliver a second device-removed event after a root device disconnect. The handler then re-enters usbh_device_disconnect() with the dangling pointer, locking a mutex inside the freed object (use-after-free), removing the freed node from the device list, and calling k_mem_slab_free() on the already-freed block (double-free). If the slab block has been reissued to a newly attached device in between, this corrupts a live object. Impact is denial of service (crash) and memory corruption; the attack vector is physical/local. The flaw was introduced in v4.4.0 by the connect/disconnect refactor and is fixed by clearing ctx->root in usbh_device_disconnect() before freeing.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
释放后使用
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Zephyr Project Zephyr 资源管理错误漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
zephyrproject zephyr是zephyrproject组织开源的一款实时操作系统内核。 Zephyr Project Zephyr 4.4.0版本及4.5.0之前版本存在资源管理错误漏洞，该漏洞源于USB主机堆栈中usbh_device_disconnect()函数未清除缓存指针ctx->root，导致释放后重用和双重释放，攻击者可通过物理USB访问触发拒绝服务和内存破坏。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
zephyrproject zephyr 4.4.0 ~ 4.5.0 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-10663

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-10663

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-10663 (1)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-10663 (1)

Same Patch Batch · zephyrproject · 2026-07-12 · 6 CVEs total

CVE-2026-10666 8.1 HIGH Stack buffer overflow in `net_ipaddr_parse()` IPv4 address-with-port parsing in `subsys/ne
CVE-2026-10667 7.8 HIGH SMP use-after-free in Zephyr `CONFIG_USERSPACE` dynamic kernel-object tracking, reachable
CVE-2026-10665 7.4 HIGH Heap buffer overflow on WireGuard receive path via unbounded incoming packet length
CVE-2026-10664 5.0 MEDIUM Out-of-bounds write in nRF70 Wi-Fi driver power-save event handler (unbounded TWT flow cou
CVE-2026-10668 2.4 LOW Host-triggerable control-endpoint wedge (DoS) in Nuvoton NuMaker HSUSBD UDC driver

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: zephyr
Same vendor: zephyrproject
Same weakness: CWE-416

V. Comments for CVE-2026-10663

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