CVE-2026-126186— Active Storage 远程代码执行及文件读取漏洞
一分钟漏洞结论
影响对象
rails rails
利用判断
尚无明确在野利用证据，仍需结合暴露面评估
建议动作
优先检查厂商安全公告和参考链接中的修复版本；无法立即升级时，限制受影响服务暴露并加强监测。
Active Storage 简化了在云服务中上传和引用文件，并将这些文件关联到 Active Record 对象的功能。在版本 8.1.4.1 和 8.0.5.2 之前， 方法会将数据块（blob）写入一个临时文件，该临时文件的名称包含上传文件名的扩展名，随后将该文件路径传递给 （用于 和 ）、 （用于 ）以及 ImageMagick（用于 ，特别是 变体处理器）。当文件内容本身未明确标识其格式时，这些工具会根据文件扩展名选择对应的解码器。因此，攻击者若能够控制上传文件的文件名并声明其内容类型，即可决定使用哪个解
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一、 漏洞 CVE-2026-126186 基础信息
漏洞信息
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Vulnerability Title
Active Storage: Possible arbitrary file read and remote code execution in Active Storage video previews, analysis and image processing
来源: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Active Storage makes it simple to upload and reference files in cloud services and attach those files to Active Record objects. Prior to 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2, ActiveStorage::Blob#open writes a blob to a tempfile whose name carries the extension of the uploaded filename, and hands that path to ffprobe (VideoAnalyzer, AudioAnalyzer), ffmpeg (VideoPreviewer) and ImageMagick (ImageAnalyzer, the :mini_magick variant processor). These tools select a decoder from the file extension when the content does not identify its own format, so an attacker who chooses the filename and declares the content type of an upload chooses which decoder processes it. An FFmpeg built with AviSynth support treats a file with the .avs extension as an AviSynth script and evaluates it, which could disclose files readable by the application process through the preview image, or load a native library the attacker has also uploaded, possibly leading to remote code execution in the FFmpeg process. ImageMagick selects its coders and delegates from the extension in the same way. An application is affected if it accepts uploads from untrusted users and analyzes video or audio attachments, generates video previews, or processes images with ImageMagick. The AviSynth attack additionally requires an FFmpeg built with --enable-avisynth and the AviSynthPlus runtime on the host. Upstream FFmpeg and the common Linux distribution and Homebrew packages do not enable it; the GPL builds distributed for Windows and Linux from ffmpeg.org do. Other decoders that FFmpeg or ImageMagick select from the extension may be reachable without AviSynth. This issue is fixed in versions 8.1.4.1 and 8.0.5.2.
来源: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
来源: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
依赖于外部提供文件的文件名或扩展名
来源: CVE Program / CVE List V5
受影响产品
二、漏洞 CVE-2026-126186 的公开POC
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CVE-2026-126186 厂商页面 (1)
CVE-2026-126186 其他参考 (3)
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https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-v924-7rp8-4mxh x_refsource_CONFIRM
同批安全公告 · rails · 2026-11-10 · 共 21 条
| CVE-2026-126082 | 9.8 CRITICAL | Active Storage 任意文件读写漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126081 | 7.5 HIGH | Action Pack 强参数绕过漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126080 | 7.5 HIGH | Active Support safe_constantize 拒绝服务漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126077 | 6.8 MEDIUM | Action Pack Active Storage 代理模式敏感会话信息泄露 |
| CVE-2026-126079 | 6.1 MEDIUM | Action View 文本助手跨站脚本漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126070 | 6.1 MEDIUM | Action View strip_tags 跨站脚本漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126078 | 6.1 MEDIUM | Action View 高亮辅助跨站脚本漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126072 | 5.9 MEDIUM | Action Pack 直播流拒绝服务漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126071 | 5.3 MEDIUM | Active Storage 代理模式流式传输拒绝服务漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126085 | 5.3 MEDIUM | Active Storage 直接上传 Google Cloud 时绕过文件大小限制 |
| CVE-2026-126073 | 4.8 MEDIUM | Action Pack 内容协商缓存投毒漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126069 | 4.7 MEDIUM | Action View 标签辅助功能跨站脚本漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126084 | 4.7 MEDIUM | Active Storage GCS 直接上传缓存控制未签名漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126075 | 4.7 MEDIUM | Active Support MessagePack 反序列化跨站脚本漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126074 | 4.3 MEDIUM | Active Storage 文件名处理拒绝服务漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126076 | 4.2 MEDIUM | Action Pack 会话恢复漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126068 | 3.7 LOW | Action Mailbox Mailgun 入口签名重放漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126188 | 3.7 LOW | Active Storage 视频预览与分析本地文件泄露漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126067 | 3.1 LOW | Action Pack 会话 Cookie 缺失 SameSite 属性漏洞 |
| CVE-2026-126083 | Action Pack 远程 IP 伪造漏洞 |