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CVE-2026-12632— Out-of-bounds read in Zephyr PTP message parsing from unvalidated message type

Quick assessment

Affected
zephyrproject zephyr
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Zephyr Project Zephyr是Zephyr Project组织开源的一款面向物联网设备的实时操作系统。 Zephyr Project Zephyr 3.7.0至4.4.2之前版本存在缓冲区错误漏洞，该漏洞源于ptp_msg_post_recv()函数在处理PTP消息时未对消息类型进行上界检查，导致越界读取，可能造成拒绝服务或内存损坏。

CVSS 6.5 · Medium EPSS 0.29% · P19

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
zephyrproject zephyr 3.7.0< 4.4.2 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-12632

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Out-of-bounds read in Zephyr PTP message parsing from unvalidated message type
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Zephyr's Precision Time Protocol receive handler ptp_msg_post_recv() in subsys/net/lib/ptp/msg.c takes the 4-bit message type straight off the wire via ptp_msg_type() (msg->header.type_major_sdo_id & 0xF, range 0-15) and uses it to index the msg_size[] table. That table only defines entries up to PTP_MSG_MANAGEMENT (0xD), giving it ARRAY_SIZE == 14. Before the fix there was no upper-bound check, so the undefined types 0xE and 0xF indexed one or two int slots past the end of the array — an out-of-bounds read of adjacent read-only data. The out-of-bounds value is then reused as a length: it gates msg_size[type] > cnt, and when it is small or negative it makes cnt - msg_size[type] a large positive budget passed to msg_tlv_post_recv(), whose TLV loop then walks the message suffix past the received bytes, performing further out-of-bounds reads and in-place byte-swap writes on memory beyond the message slab. The defect is reached directly from the network: ptp_port_event_gen() in subsys/net/lib/ptp/port.c reads a PTP frame with ptp_transport_recv() and calls ptp_msg_post_recv() with the attacker-chosen type. PTP uses UDP multicast or raw Ethernet (0x88F7) and is unauthenticated, so any host on the same link can trigger the indexing on a CONFIG_PTP-enabled node with no preconditions. The reliably reproducible impact is a denial of service (fault/crash); a limited memory-corruption path exists but depends on the build-specific value adjacent to msg_size[], which the attacker cannot tune. The fix rejects type >= ARRAY_SIZE(msg_size) with -EBADMSG before any indexing.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
跨界内存读
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Zephyr Project Zephyr 缓冲区错误漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Zephyr Project Zephyr是Zephyr Project组织开源的一款面向物联网设备的实时操作系统。 Zephyr Project Zephyr 3.7.0至4.4.2之前版本存在缓冲区错误漏洞，该漏洞源于ptp_msg_post_recv()函数在处理PTP消息时未对消息类型进行上界检查，导致越界读取，可能造成拒绝服务或内存损坏。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
zephyrproject zephyr 3.7.0 ~ 4.4.2 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-12632

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-12632

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-12632 (1)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-12632 (1)

Same Patch Batch · zephyrproject · 2026-08-18 · 3 CVEs total

CVE-2026-12631 6.5 MEDIUM Broken access-control denial in k_thread_join/k_thread_abort syscall validation in Zephyr
CVE-2026-12520 6.4 MEDIUM Stack buffer overflow and off-by-one writes in Zephyr HL7800 modem AT response handlers

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: zephyr
Same vendor: zephyrproject
Same weakness: CWE-125

V. Comments for CVE-2026-12632

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