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CVE-2026-19542— Stack-based out-of-bounds write in tdelete during tree rebalancing

Quick assessment

Affected
The GNU C Library glibc
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

GNU glibc是美国GNU基金会开源的一个 GNU 计划所实现的 C 标准库。 GNU glibc 2.1版本至2.44版本存在缓冲区错误漏洞，该漏洞源于tdelete函数在处理足够深的树时，两个再平衡分支未检查栈容量，导致写入超出alloca分配的栈数组末尾，可能造成应用程序崩溃。

CVSS 5.6 · Medium EPSS 0.23% · P13

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
The GNU C Library glibc 2.1≤ 2.44 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-19542

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Stack-based out-of-bounds write in tdelete during tree rebalancing
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Calling tdelete on a sufficiently deep tree in the GNU C Library version 2.1 to 2.44 may write one pointer past the end of an alloca-allocated array on the stack, which may crash the application. The tdelete implementation keeps an explicit stack of parent nodes for rebalancing, which is grown as needed while descending the tree. Two rebalancing branches push an additional entry without checking the capacity, and write past the array when the stack is exactly full. Triggering this requires a node at a depth of exactly 40 (or 40 plus a multiple of 20), which implies a tree with at least a million nodes, so an attacker must drive a large number of insertions and deletions through an application that uses tsearch and tdelete. The written value is a pointer into a tree node and is not directly attacker controlled. No affected application in common distributions has been identified.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
栈缓冲区溢出
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
GNU glibc 缓冲区错误漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
GNU glibc是美国GNU基金会开源的一个 GNU 计划所实现的 C 标准库。 GNU glibc 2.1版本至2.44版本存在缓冲区错误漏洞，该漏洞源于tdelete函数在处理足够深的树时，两个再平衡分支未检查栈容量，导致写入超出alloca分配的栈数组末尾，可能造成应用程序崩溃。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
The GNU C Library glibc 2.1 ~ 2.44 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-19542

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-19542

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-19542 (1)

Other References for CVE-2026-19542 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: glibc
Same vendor: The GNU C Library
Same weakness: CWE-121