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CVE-2026-22818— JWT algorithm confusion in Hono JWK Auth Middleware when JWK lacks "alg" (untrusted header.alg fallback)

Quick assessment

Affected
honojs hono
Exploitation
Public or AI PoC available; prioritize validation
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Hono是Hono社区的一个用 TypeScript 编写的 Web 框架。 Hono 4.11.4之前版本存在数据伪造问题漏洞，该漏洞源于JWT验证中间件允许JWT标头算法影响签名验证，可能导致算法混淆和接受伪造令牌。

CVSS 8.2 · High EPSS 0.14% · P3
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-22818

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
JWT algorithm confusion in Hono JWK Auth Middleware when JWK lacks "alg" (untrusted header.alg fallback)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Hono is a Web application framework that provides support for any JavaScript runtime. Prior to 4.11.4, there is a flaw in Hono’s JWK/JWKS JWT verification middleware allowed the algorithm specified in the JWT header to influence signature verification when the selected JWK did not explicitly define an algorithm. This could enable JWT algorithm confusion and, in certain configurations, allow forged tokens to be accepted. The JWK/JWKS JWT verification middleware has been updated to require an explicit allowlist of asymmetric algorithms when verifying tokens. The middleware no longer derives the verification algorithm from untrusted JWT header values. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.11.4.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
密码学签名的验证不恰当
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Hono 数据伪造问题漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Hono是Hono社区的一个用 TypeScript 编写的 Web 框架。 Hono 4.11.4之前版本存在数据伪造问题漏洞，该漏洞源于JWT验证中间件允许JWT标头算法影响签名验证，可能导致算法混淆和接受伪造令牌。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
honojs hono < 4.11.4 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-22818

# POC Description Source Link Shenlong Link
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Qwen3.6-35B-A3B · 10778 chars
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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-22818

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-22818 (1)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-22818 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: hono
Same vendor: honojs
Same weakness: CWE-347

V. Comments for CVE-2026-22818

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