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CVE-2026-22994— bpf: Fix reference count leak in bpf_prog_test_run_xdp()

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于引用计数泄漏，可能导致网络设备无法释放。

AI Predicted 4.4 Difficulty: Trivial EPSS 0.14% · P3

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1499.002 · Service Exhaustion Flood

Affected Version Matrix 12

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux 1c194998252469cad00a08bd9ef0b99fd255c260< 368569bc546d3368ee9980ba79fc42fdff9a3365 affected
1c194998252469cad00a08bd9ef0b99fd255c260< 98676ee71fd4eafeb8be63c7f3f1905d40e03101 affected
1c194998252469cad00a08bd9ef0b99fd255c260< fb9ef40cccdbacce36029b305d0ef1e12e4fea38 affected
1c194998252469cad00a08bd9ef0b99fd255c260< 737be05a765761d7d7c9f7fe92274bd8e6f6951e affected
1c194998252469cad00a08bd9ef0b99fd255c260< ec69daabe45256f98ac86c651b8ad1b2574489a7 affected
5.18 affected
< 5.18 unaffected
6.1.161≤ 6.1.* unaffected
… +4 more rows
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-22994

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
bpf: Fix reference count leak in bpf_prog_test_run_xdp()
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix reference count leak in bpf_prog_test_run_xdp() syzbot is reporting unregister_netdevice: waiting for sit0 to become free. Usage count = 2 problem. A debug printk() patch found that a refcount is obtained at xdp_convert_md_to_buff() from bpf_prog_test_run_xdp(). According to commit ec94670fcb3b ("bpf: Support specifying ingress via xdp_md context in BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN"), the refcount obtained by xdp_convert_md_to_buff() will be released by xdp_convert_buff_to_md(). Therefore, we can consider that the error handling path introduced by commit 1c1949982524 ("bpf: introduce frags support to bpf_prog_test_run_xdp()") forgot to call xdp_convert_buff_to_md().
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于引用计数泄漏，可能导致网络设备无法释放。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux 1c194998252469cad00a08bd9ef0b99fd255c260 ~ 368569bc546d3368ee9980ba79fc42fdff9a3365 -
Linux Linux 5.18 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-22994

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-22994

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Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2026-01-23 · 34 CVEs total

CVE-2026-22984 9.8 CRITICAL libceph: prevent potential out-of-bounds reads in handle_auth_done()
CVE-2025-71159 9.8 CRITICAL btrfs: fix use-after-free warning in btrfs_get_or_create_delayed_node()
CVE-2026-22980 7.8 HIGH nfsd: provide locking for v4_end_grace
CVE-2025-71145 7.8 HIGH usb: phy: isp1301: fix non-OF device reference imbalance
CVE-2025-71158 7.8 HIGH gpio: mpsse: ensure worker is torn down
CVE-2026-22988 7.8 HIGH arp: do not assume dev_hard_header() does not change skb->head
CVE-2025-71155 7.8 HIGH KVM: s390: Fix gmap_helper_zap_one_page() again
CVE-2025-71146 7.5 HIGH netfilter: nf_conncount: fix leaked ct in error paths
CVE-2025-71161 7.5 HIGH dm-verity: disable recursive forward error correction
CVE-2026-22990 7.5 HIGH libceph: replace overzealous BUG_ON in osdmap_apply_incremental()
CVE-2026-22991 7.5 HIGH libceph: make free_choose_arg_map() resilient to partial allocation
CVE-2026-22992 7.5 HIGH libceph: return the handler error from mon_handle_auth_done()
CVE-2025-71150 7.5 HIGH ksmbd: Fix refcount leak when invalid session is found on session lookup
CVE-2026-22989 nfsd: check that server is running in unlock_filesystem
CVE-2026-22987 net/sched: act_api: avoid dereferencing ERR_PTR in tcf_idrinfo_destroy
CVE-2026-22986 gpiolib: fix race condition for gdev->srcu
CVE-2026-22985 idpf: Fix RSS LUT NULL pointer crash on early ethtool operations
CVE-2026-22993 idpf: Fix RSS LUT NULL ptr issue after soft reset
CVE-2026-22995 ublk: fix use-after-free in ublk_partition_scan_work
CVE-2026-22983 net: do not write to msg_get_inq in callee

Showing top 20 of 34 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

V. Comments for CVE-2026-22994

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