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CVE-2026-40159— PraisonAI Exposes Sensitive Environment Variable via Untrusted MCP Subprocess Execution

Quick assessment

Affected
MervinPraison PraisonAI
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

PraisonAI是Mervin Praison个人开发者的一个低代码多智能体协作框架。 PraisonAI 4.5.128之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于MCP集成执行用户提供的命令时继承完整环境变量，可能导致凭据泄露。

CVSS 5.5 · Medium EPSS 0.18% · P7
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-40159

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
PraisonAI Exposes Sensitive Environment Variable via Untrusted MCP Subprocess Execution
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.128, PraisonAI’s MCP (Model Context Protocol) integration allows spawning background servers via stdio using user-supplied command strings (e.g., MCP("npx -y @smithery/cli ...")). These commands are executed through Python’s subprocess module. By default, the implementation forwards the entire parent process environment to the spawned subprocess. As a result, any MCP command executed in this manner inherits all environment variables from the host process, including sensitive data such as API keys, authentication tokens, and database credentials. This behavior introduces a security risk when untrusted or third-party commands are used. In common scenarios where MCP tools are invoked via package runners such as npx -y, arbitrary code from external or potentially compromised packages may execute with access to these inherited environment variables. This creates a risk of unintended credential exposure and enables potential supply chain attacks through silent exfiltration of secrets. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.128.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
信息暴露
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
PraisonAI 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
PraisonAI是Mervin Praison个人开发者的一个低代码多智能体协作框架。 PraisonAI 4.5.128之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于MCP集成执行用户提供的命令时继承完整环境变量，可能导致凭据泄露。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
MervinPraison PraisonAI < 4.5.128 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-40159

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-40159

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-40159 (1)

Same Patch Batch · MervinPraison · 2026-04-10 · 5 CVEs total

CVE-2026-40158 8.6 HIGH PraisonAI has Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') and Protection Mec
CVE-2026-40156 7.8 HIGH PraisonAI Affected by Implicit Execution of Arbitrary Code via Automatic `tools.py` Loadin
CVE-2026-40157 PraisonAI affected by arbitrary file write via path traversal in `praisonai recipe unpack`
CVE-2026-40160 PraisonAIAgents has SSRF via unvalidated URL in `web_crawl` httpx fallback

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: PraisonAI
Same vendor: MervinPraison
Same weakness: CWE-200

V. Comments for CVE-2026-40159

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