CVE-2026-43998— vm2: NodeVM require.root bypass via symlink traversal allows sandbox escape
Quick assessment
Affected
patriksimek vm2
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.
vm2是捷克Patrik Simek个人开发者的一个 Node.js 的高级虚拟机/沙盒。以使用列入白名单的 Node 内置模块运行不受信任的代码。 vm2 3.10.5版本存在后置链接漏洞，该漏洞源于NodeVM的require.root路径限制可通过文件系统符号链接绕过，允许沙箱代码加载允许根目录之外的模块，可能导致远程代码执行。
Possible ATT&CK Techniques 3 AI
T1068 · Exploitation for Privilege Escalation T1059 · Command and Scripting Interpreter T1203 · Exploitation for Client ExecutionAffected Version Matrix 1
| Vendor | Product | Version Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| patriksimek | vm2 | 3.10.5 |
affected |
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-43998
Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
vm2: NodeVM require.root bypass via symlink traversal allows sandbox escape
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. In 3.10.5, NodeVM's require.root path restriction can be bypassed using filesystem symlinks, allowing sandboxed code to load modules from outside the allowed root directory in host context. Because path validation uses path.resolve() (which does not dereference symlinks) but module loading uses Node's native require() (which does), an attacker can load arbitrary host-realm modules and achieve remote code execution. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
在文件访问前对链接解析不恰当(链接跟随)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
vm2 后置链接漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
vm2是捷克Patrik Simek个人开发者的一个 Node.js 的高级虚拟机/沙盒。以使用列入白名单的 Node 内置模块运行不受信任的代码。 vm2 3.10.5版本存在后置链接漏洞，该漏洞源于NodeVM的require.root路径限制可通过文件系统符号链接绕过，允许沙箱代码加载允许根目录之外的模块，可能导致远程代码执行。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Affected Products
| Vendor | Product | Affected Versions | CPE | Subscribe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| patriksimek | vm2 | 3.10.5 | - |
|
II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-43998
| # | POC Description | Source Link | Shenlong Link |
|---|
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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-43998 (1)
Same Patch Batch · patriksimek · 2026-05-13 · 14 CVEs total
| CVE-2026-43997 | 10.0 CRITICAL | vm2: Sandbox Escape |
| CVE-2026-44005 | 10.0 CRITICAL | vm2: Sandbox escape |
| CVE-2026-44006 | 10.0 CRITICAL | vm2: Sandbox Escape |
| CVE-2026-43999 | 9.9 CRITICAL | vm2: NodeVM builtin allowlist bypass via `module` builtin's `Module._load` allows sandbox |
| CVE-2026-45411 | 9.8 CRITICAL | vm2: Sandbox Breakout Using Async Generator |
| CVE-2026-44009 | 9.8 CRITICAL | vm2: Sandbox Breakout Through Null Proto Exception |
| CVE-2026-44008 | 9.8 CRITICAL | vm2: Snabox breakout via `neutralizeArraySpeciesBatch` |
| CVE-2026-44007 | 9.1 CRITICAL | vm2: nesting: true bypasses require: false, allowing sandbox escape to arbitrary OS comman |
| CVE-2026-44001 | 8.6 HIGH | vm2: Sandbox Escape via Promise Constructor Unhandled Rejection (Process Crash DoS) |
| CVE-2026-44004 | 7.5 HIGH | vm2: Host Process OOM DoS via Buffer.alloc (Timeout Bypass) |
| CVE-2026-44000 | 6.5 MEDIUM | vm2: sandbox boundary bypass via host Promise resolution preserving host object identity |
| CVE-2026-44002 | 5.8 MEDIUM | vm2: Host File Path Disclosure via Stack Trace Information Leak |
| CVE-2026-44003 | 5.3 MEDIUM | vm2: Transformer Fast-Path Bypass Exposes Internal State Variable |
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V. Comments for CVE-2026-43998
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