CVE-2026-44001— vm2: Sandbox Escape via Promise Constructor Unhandled Rejection (Process Crash DoS)
Quick assessment
Affected
patriksimek vm2
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.
vm2是捷克Patrik Simek个人开发者的一个 Node.js 的高级虚拟机/沙盒。以使用列入白名单的 Node 内置模块运行不受信任的代码。 vm2 3.11.0之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于沙箱逃逸漏洞，允许沙箱代码通过单个Promise构造函数触发未处理的拒绝传播到主机，导致主机Node.js进程崩溃。
Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI
T1499 · Endpoint Denial of ServiceAffected Version Matrix 1
| Vendor | Product | Version Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| patriksimek | vm2 | < 3.11.0 |
affected |
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-44001
Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
vm2: Sandbox Escape via Promise Constructor Unhandled Rejection (Process Crash DoS)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.0, a sandbox escape vulnerability in vm2 v3.10.5 allows any sandboxed code to crash the host Node.js process via a single Promise constructor that triggers an unhandled rejection propagating to the host. The fix for CVE-2026-22709 (v3.10.2) only sanitized the onRejected callback in .then() and .catch() overrides and did not address the executor-to-unhandledRejection path. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
未捕获的异常
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
vm2 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
vm2是捷克Patrik Simek个人开发者的一个 Node.js 的高级虚拟机/沙盒。以使用列入白名单的 Node 内置模块运行不受信任的代码。 vm2 3.11.0之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于沙箱逃逸漏洞，允许沙箱代码通过单个Promise构造函数触发未处理的拒绝传播到主机，导致主机Node.js进程崩溃。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Affected Products
| Vendor | Product | Affected Versions | CPE | Subscribe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| patriksimek | vm2 | < 3.11.0 | - |
|
II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-44001
| # | POC Description | Source Link | Shenlong Link |
|---|
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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-44001 (1)
Same Patch Batch · patriksimek · 2026-05-13 · 14 CVEs total
| CVE-2026-43997 | 10.0 CRITICAL | vm2: Sandbox Escape |
| CVE-2026-44005 | 10.0 CRITICAL | vm2: Sandbox escape |
| CVE-2026-44006 | 10.0 CRITICAL | vm2: Sandbox Escape |
| CVE-2026-43999 | 9.9 CRITICAL | vm2: NodeVM builtin allowlist bypass via `module` builtin's `Module._load` allows sandbox |
| CVE-2026-45411 | 9.8 CRITICAL | vm2: Sandbox Breakout Using Async Generator |
| CVE-2026-44009 | 9.8 CRITICAL | vm2: Sandbox Breakout Through Null Proto Exception |
| CVE-2026-44008 | 9.8 CRITICAL | vm2: Snabox breakout via `neutralizeArraySpeciesBatch` |
| CVE-2026-44007 | 9.1 CRITICAL | vm2: nesting: true bypasses require: false, allowing sandbox escape to arbitrary OS comman |
| CVE-2026-43998 | 8.5 HIGH | vm2: NodeVM require.root bypass via symlink traversal allows sandbox escape |
| CVE-2026-44004 | 7.5 HIGH | vm2: Host Process OOM DoS via Buffer.alloc (Timeout Bypass) |
| CVE-2026-44000 | 6.5 MEDIUM | vm2: sandbox boundary bypass via host Promise resolution preserving host object identity |
| CVE-2026-44002 | 5.8 MEDIUM | vm2: Host File Path Disclosure via Stack Trace Information Leak |
| CVE-2026-44003 | 5.3 MEDIUM | vm2: Transformer Fast-Path Bypass Exposes Internal State Variable |
IV. Related Vulnerabilities
Same product: vm2
-
CVE-2026-100723
vm2 before 3.12.2 Memory Disclosure via zlib Buffer Pool -
CVE-2026-100722
vm2 before 3.12.2 Host Process Termination via Construct Tra -
CVE-2026-100721
vm2 before 3.12.2 Authorization Bypass via Custom Resolver -
CVE-2026-93606
vm2 before 3.12.1 Sandbox Escape via Promise Symbol.species -
CVE-2026-93604
vm2 3.11.8 Sandbox Escape via crypto.setFips
Same vendor: patriksimek
-
CVE-2026-100723
vm2 before 3.12.2 Memory Disclosure via zlib Buffer Pool -
CVE-2026-100722
vm2 before 3.12.2 Host Process Termination via Construct Tra -
CVE-2026-100721
vm2 before 3.12.2 Authorization Bypass via Custom Resolver -
CVE-2026-93606
vm2 before 3.12.1 Sandbox Escape via Promise Symbol.species -
CVE-2026-93604
vm2 3.11.8 Sandbox Escape via crypto.setFips
Same weakness: CWE-248
-
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V. Comments for CVE-2026-44001
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