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CVE-2026-44497— ZEBRA: Consensus Divergence in Transparent Sighash Hash-Type Handling due to Stale Buffer

Quick assessment

Affected
ZcashFoundation zebra
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

zebra是Zcash Foundation开源的一个用Rust编写的Zcash全节点实现。 zebra 4.4.0之前版本存在数据伪造问题漏洞，该漏洞源于sighash类型无效时错误处理不足，可能导致共识分裂。

AI Predicted 7.5 Difficulty: Moderate EPSS 0.30% · P20

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1190 · Exploit Public-Facing Application

Affected Version Matrix 2

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
ZcashFoundation zebra zebra-script < 6.0.0 affected
zebrad < 4.4.0 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-44497

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
ZEBRA: Consensus Divergence in Transparent Sighash Hash-Type Handling due to Stale Buffer
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad version 4.4.0 and prior to zebra-script version 6.0.0, the fix for CVE-2026-41583 introduced a separate issue due to insufficient error handling of the case where the sighash type is invalid, during sighash computation. Instead of returning an error, the normal flow would resume, and the input sighash buffer would be left untouched. In scenarios where a previous signature validation could leave a valid sighash in the buffer, an invalid hash-type could be incorrectly accepted, which would create a consensus split between Zebra and zcashd nodes. This issue has been patched in zebrad version 4.4.0 and zebra-script version 6.0.0.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
密码学签名的验证不恰当
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
zebra 数据伪造问题漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
zebra是Zcash Foundation开源的一个用Rust编写的Zcash全节点实现。 zebra 4.4.0之前版本存在数据伪造问题漏洞，该漏洞源于sighash类型无效时错误处理不足，可能导致共识分裂。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
ZcashFoundation zebra zebra-script < 6.0.0 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-44497

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-44497

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-44497 (1)

Same Patch Batch · ZcashFoundation · 2026-05-08 · 7 CVEs total

CVE-2026-44500 5.3 MEDIUM ZEBRA: Allocation Amplification in Inbound Network Deserializers
CVE-2026-41585 ZEBRA: Denial of Service via Interrupted JSON-RPC Requests from Authenticated Clients
CVE-2026-41583 ZEBRA: Consensus Divergence in Transparent Sighash Hash-Type Handling
CVE-2026-41584 ZEBRA: rk Identity Point Panic in Transaction Verification
CVE-2026-44498 ZEBRA: Block Validator Undercounts Coinbase and P2SH Sigops
CVE-2026-44499 ZEBRA: Permanent Block Discovery Halt via Gossip Queue Saturation and Syncer Poisoning

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: zebra
Same vendor: ZcashFoundation
Same weakness: CWE-347

V. Comments for CVE-2026-44497

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