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CVE-2026-44578— Next.js: Server-side request forgery in applications using WebSocket upgrades

Quick assessment

Affected
vercel next.js
Exploitation
Public or AI PoC available; prioritize validation
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Next.js是Vercel开源的一个 React 框架。 Next.js 13.4.13至15.5.16之前版本和16.2.5之前版本存在代码问题漏洞，该漏洞源于使用内置Node.js服务器自托管时，特制WebSocket升级请求可能导致服务器端请求伪造，攻击者可代理请求到任意内部或外部目标。

CVSS 8.6 · High EPSS 1.90% · P79

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1557 · Adversary-in-the-Middle

Affected Version Matrix 2

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
vercel next.js >= 16.0.0, < 16.2.5 affected
>= 13.4.13, < 15.5.16 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-44578

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Next.js: Server-side request forgery in applications using WebSocket upgrades
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. From 13.4.13 to before 15.5.16 and 16.2.5, self-hosted applications using the built-in Node.js server can be vulnerable to server-side request forgery through crafted WebSocket upgrade requests. An attacker can cause the server to proxy requests to arbitrary internal or external destinations, which may expose internal services or cloud metadata endpoints. Vercel-hosted deployments are not affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 15.5.16 and 16.2.5.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
服务端请求伪造(SSRF)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Next.js 代码问题漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Next.js是Vercel开源的一个 React 框架。 Next.js 13.4.13至15.5.16之前版本和16.2.5之前版本存在代码问题漏洞，该漏洞源于使用内置Node.js服务器自托管时，特制WebSocket升级请求可能导致服务器端请求伪造，攻击者可代理请求到任意内部或外部目标。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
vercel next.js >= 16.0.0, < 16.2.5 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-44578

# POC Description Source Link Shenlong Link
1 Next.js 13.4.13 to before 15.5.16 and 16.2.5 contains a server-side request forgery caused by crafted WebSocket upgrade requests in the built-in Node.js server, letting attackers proxy requests to arbitrary destinations, exploit requires self-hosted deployment. https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/javascript/cves/2026/CVE-2026-44578.yaml POC Details
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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-44578

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-44578 (1)

Same Patch Batch · vercel · 2026-05-13 · 13 CVEs total

CVE-2026-44574 8.1 HIGH Next.js: Middleware / Proxy bypass through dynamic route parameter injection
CVE-2026-45109 7.5 HIGH Next.js: Middleware / Proxy bypass in App Router applications via segment-prefetch routes
CVE-2026-44579 7.5 HIGH Next.js: Denial of Service via connection exhaustion in applications using Cache Component
CVE-2026-44575 7.5 HIGH Next.js: Middleware / Proxy bypass in App Router applications via segment-prefetch routes
CVE-2026-44573 7.5 HIGH Next.js: Middleware / Proxy bypass in Pages Router applications using i18n
CVE-2026-44580 6.1 MEDIUM Next.js: Cross-site scripting in beforeInteractive scripts with untrusted input
CVE-2026-44577 5.9 MEDIUM Next.js: Denial of Service in the Image Optimization API
CVE-2026-44479 5.5 MEDIUM Vercel: Non-interactive mode includes CLI arguments in suggested command output
CVE-2026-44576 5.4 MEDIUM Next.js: Cache poisoning in React Server Component responses
CVE-2026-44581 4.7 MEDIUM Next.js: Cross-site scripting in App Router applications using CSP nonces
CVE-2026-44572 3.7 LOW Next.js: Middleware / Proxy redirects can be cache-poisoned
CVE-2026-44582 3.7 LOW Next.js: Cache poisoning via collisions in React Server Component cache-busting

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: next.js
Same vendor: vercel
Same weakness: CWE-918

V. Comments for CVE-2026-44578

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