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CVE-2026-46116— xfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于xfrm在__xfrm_state_delete函数中未防御性地取消哈希xfrm_state列表，可能导致释放后重用。

CVSS 7.8 · High EPSS 0.13% · P2

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1499 · Endpoint Denial of Service

Affected Version Matrix 18

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux 7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6< 6b4dc3181b4bfc5f5fc33ab33b1dc6e15759f4b6 affected
7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6< 3943fcad7694a7d0b15aeabe7d3cc2a2eb8e92e8 affected
7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6< 2c617848ae6e4f07a3e397f604208c293bbecacc affected
7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6< b4a53add2fa8f1b5aa17d4c5686c320785fab182 affected
7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6< 26edb0a3c99f9d958c212be68b21f1221614dcf0 affected
7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6< 4980162de555cb838f1a189ce7d2cbf5d2e7b050 affected
7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6< a2e2d08fb070fab4947447171f1c4e3ca5a188e5 affected
7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6< 14acf9652e5690de3c7486c6db5fb8dafd0a32a3 affected
… +10 more rows
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-46116

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
xfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete KASAN reproduces a slab-use-after-free in __xfrm_state_delete()'s hlist_del_rcu calls under syzkaller load on linux-6.12.y stable (reproduced on 6.12.47, also reachable via the same code path on torvalds/master and on the ipsec tree). Nine unique signatures cluster in the xfrm_state lifecycle, the load-bearing one being: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __hlist_del include/linux/list.h:990 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in hlist_del_rcu include/linux/rculist.h:516 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __xfrm_state_delete net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c Write of size 8 at addr ffff8881198bcb70 by task kworker/u8:9/435 Workqueue: netns cleanup_net Call Trace: __hlist_del / hlist_del_rcu __xfrm_state_delete xfrm_state_delete xfrm_state_flush xfrm_state_fini ops_exit_list cleanup_net The other observed signatures hit the same slab object from __xfrm_state_lookup, xfrm_alloc_spi, __xfrm_state_insert and an OOB write variant of __xfrm_state_delete, all on the byseq/byspi hash chains. __xfrm_state_delete() guards its byseq and byspi unhashes with value-based predicates: if (x->km.seq) hlist_del_rcu(&x->byseq); if (x->id.spi) hlist_del_rcu(&x->byspi); while everywhere else in the file (e.g. state_cache, state_cache_input) the safer hlist_unhashed() check is used. xfrm_alloc_spi() sets x->id.spi = newspi inside xfrm_state_lock and then immediately inserts into byspi, but a path that observes x->id.spi != 0 outside of xfrm_state_lock can still skip-or-hit the byspi unhash inconsistently with whether x is actually on the list. The same holds for x->km.seq versus byseq, and the bydst/bysrc unhashes have no predicate at all, so a second __xfrm_state_delete() on the same object writes through LIST_POISON pprev. The defensive change here: - Use hlist_del_init_rcu() instead of hlist_del_rcu() on bydst, bysrc, byseq and byspi so a second deletion is a no-op rather than a write through LIST_POISON pprev. The byseq/byspi nodes are already initialised in xfrm_state_alloc(). - Test hlist_unhashed() rather than the value predicate for byseq/byspi, so the unhash decision tracks list state rather than mutable scalar fields. Empirical verification: applied this patch on top of v6.12.47, rebuilt, and re-ran the same syzkaller harness for 1h16m on a previously-crashy configuration that produced ~100 hits each of slab-use-after-free Read in xfrm_alloc_spi / Read in __xfrm_state_lookup / Write in __xfrm_state_delete. After the patch, 7.1M execs across 32 VMs at ~1550 exec/sec produced zero xfrm_state UAF/OOB hits. /proc/slabinfo confirms the xfrm_state slab is actively allocated and freed during the run (~143 KiB resident), so the fuzzer is still exercising those code paths -- they just no longer crash. Reproduction: - Linux 6.12.47 x86_64 + KASAN_GENERIC + KASAN_INLINE + KCOV - syzkaller @ 746545b8b1e4c3a128db8652b340d3df90ce61db - 32 QEMU/KVM VMs x 2 vCPU on AWS c5.metal bare metal - 9 unique signatures collected in ~9h, all within xfrm_state lifecycle
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于xfrm在__xfrm_state_delete函数中未防御性地取消哈希xfrm_state列表，可能导致释放后重用。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux 7b4dc3600e4877178ba94c7fbf7e520421378aa6 ~ 6b4dc3181b4bfc5f5fc33ab33b1dc6e15759f4b6 -
Linux Linux 2.6.19 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-46116

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-46116

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-46116 (8)

Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2026-05-28 · 135 CVEs total

CVE-2026-46135 9.8 CRITICAL nvmet-tcp: fix race between ICReq handling and queue teardown
CVE-2026-46195 9.8 CRITICAL smb: client: validate dacloffset before building DACL pointers
CVE-2026-46137 9.8 CRITICAL mptcp: pm: ADD_ADDR rtx: fix potential data-race
CVE-2026-46115 9.8 CRITICAL block: add pgmap check to biovec_phys_mergeable
CVE-2026-46155 9.1 CRITICAL smb/client: fix out-of-bounds read in smb2_compound_op()
CVE-2026-46119 9.1 CRITICAL libceph: Fix slab-out-of-bounds access in auth message processing
CVE-2026-46185 9.1 CRITICAL smb/client: fix out-of-bounds read in symlink_data()
CVE-2026-46212 8.8 HIGH batman-adv: bla: prevent use-after-free when deleting claims
CVE-2026-46174 8.8 HIGH x86/CPU/AMD: Prevent improper isolation of shared resources in Zen2's op cache
CVE-2026-46125 8.8 HIGH wifi: mac80211: remove station if connection prep fails
CVE-2026-46166 8.8 HIGH wifi: mac80211: use safe list iteration in radar detect work
CVE-2026-46198 8.8 HIGH batman-adv: fix integer overflow on buff_pos
CVE-2026-46152 8.8 HIGH wifi: mac80211: drop stray 'static' from fast-RX rx_result
CVE-2026-46238 8.8 HIGH batman-adv: stop caching unowned originator pointers in BAT IV
CVE-2026-46113 8.8 HIGH KVM: x86: Fix shadow paging use-after-free due to unexpected GFN
CVE-2026-46232 8.1 HIGH HID: playstation: Clamp num_touch_reports
CVE-2026-46138 8.1 HIGH Bluetooth: hci_event: Fix OOB read and infinite loop in hci_le_create_big_complete_evt
CVE-2026-46215 7.8 HIGH drm: Set old handle to NULL before prime swap in change_handle
CVE-2026-46157 7.8 HIGH ALSA: pcm: oss: Fix data race at accessing runtime.oss.trigger
CVE-2026-46201 7.8 HIGH drm/xe: Fix dma-buf attachment leak in xe_gem_prime_import()

Showing top 20 of 135 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

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