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CVE-2026-46403— Klever-Go KVM read-only execution can commit contract delete and upgrade side effects

Quick assessment

Affected
klever-io klever-go
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

klever-go是 klever-io klever-go 1.7.17之前版本存在处理逻辑错误漏洞，该漏洞源于间接合约删除和升级路径未在只读模式下拒绝执行，破坏了隔离边界，可能导致合同通过只读执行调用删除钩子，产生状态变更的VM输出。

CVSS 6.3 · Medium EPSS 0.45% · P36

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
klever-io klever-go < 1.7.17 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-46403

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Klever-Go KVM read-only execution can commit contract delete and upgrade side effects
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.17, KVM exposes `ExecuteReadOnlyWithTypedArguments` as a read-only execution mechanism. The hook saves the previous read-only state, sets `runtime.SetReadOnly(true)`, executes the destination context, and then restores the previous read-only state. However, the indirect contract delete and upgrade paths do not reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. As a result, a contract reached through read-only execution can call the production delete hook for a target contract it owns. The delete path appends the target address to `vmOutput.DeletedAccounts`, the output context merges `DeletedAccounts` into the caller output, and the smart contract processor later processes the VM output by deleting accounts listed in that field. The root cause is that read-only mode is applied as runtime state, but not enforced by the state-changing delete and upgrade host-core paths. This breaks the expected isolation boundary for workflows that rely on read-only calls to inspect another contract without allowing that callee to produce state-changing VM output. The issue is fixed in v1.7.17. Contract delete and upgrade host-core paths now reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. The invariant is regression-tested for delete, upgrade, storage writes, value transfers, and any VM output field that can later mutate chain state.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
保护机制失效
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
klever-io klever-go 处理逻辑错误漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
klever-go是 klever-io klever-go 1.7.17之前版本存在处理逻辑错误漏洞，该漏洞源于间接合约删除和升级路径未在只读模式下拒绝执行，破坏了隔离边界，可能导致合同通过只读执行调用删除钩子，产生状态变更的VM输出。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
klever-io klever-go < 1.7.17 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-46403

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-46403

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-46403 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: klever-go
Same vendor: klever-io
Same weakness: CWE-693

V. Comments for CVE-2026-46403

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