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CVE-2026-48712— protobufjs: Denial of service through unbounded Any expansion during JSON conversion

Quick assessment

Affected
protobufjs protobuf.js
Exploitation
Public or AI PoC available; prioritize validation
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

protobufjs protobuf.js是protobufjs的JavaScript序列化库。 protobufjs protobuf.js 7.6.1之前版本和8.0.0版本至8.4.1之前版本存在资源管理错误漏洞，该漏洞源于递归深度未限制，可能导致在转换为JSON期间JavaScript调用栈被耗尽。

CVSS 7.5 · High EPSS 0.46% · P38

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1203 · Exploitation for Client Execution

Affected Version Matrix 2

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
protobufjs protobuf.js < 7.6.1 affected
>= 8.0.0, < 8.4.1 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-48712

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
protobufjs: Denial of service through unbounded Any expansion during JSON conversion
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. Prior to 7.6.1 and 8.4.1, protobufjs could recurse without a depth limit while converting decoded messages to plain objects or JSON. This affected generated toObject() conversion and the custom google.protobuf.Any JSON conversion path. A crafted protobuf binary payload containing deeply nested Any values could cause the JavaScript call stack to be exhausted during conversion to JSON. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.6.1 and 8.4.1.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
未经控制的递归
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
protobufjs protobuf.js 资源管理错误漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
protobufjs protobuf.js是protobufjs的JavaScript序列化库。 protobufjs protobuf.js 7.6.1之前版本和8.0.0版本至8.4.1之前版本存在资源管理错误漏洞，该漏洞源于递归深度未限制，可能导致在转换为JSON期间JavaScript调用栈被耗尽。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
protobufjs protobuf.js < 7.6.1 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-48712

# POC Description Source Link Shenlong Link
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Qwen3.6-35B-A3B · 10856 chars
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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-48712

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-48712 (1)

Same Patch Batch · protobufjs · 2026-06-22 · 4 CVEs total

CVE-2026-54271 8.2 HIGH protobufjs-cli: Code injection in pbjs static output from crafted JSON descriptor names
CVE-2026-54269 5.3 MEDIUM protobufjs: Schema-derived names can shadow runtime-significant properties
CVE-2026-54270 5.3 MEDIUM protobufjs: Memory amplification from preserved unknown fields in binary decode

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: protobuf.js
Same vendor: protobufjs
Same weakness: CWE-674

V. Comments for CVE-2026-48712

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