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CVE-2026-54696— Ruby JSON: JSON generator heap buffer overflow when streaming to an IO

Quick assessment

Affected
ruby json
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Ruby json是Ruby组织的一款处理JSON数据的软件。 Ruby JSON 2.9.0版本至2.19.8版本存在缓冲区错误漏洞，该漏洞源于当JSON生成器接收超大型流对象时发生堆缓冲区溢出，当流对象包含攻击者控制的约16KB字符串时，可写入内部JSON生成器缓冲区之后，导致进程崩溃/拒绝服务。

CVSS 3.7 · Low EPSS 0.38% · P30

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
ruby json >= 2.9.0, < 2.19.9 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-54696

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Ruby JSON: JSON generator heap buffer overflow when streaming to an IO
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Ruby JSON is a JSON implementation for Ruby. Versions 2.9.0 through 2.19.8 are vulnerable to heap buffer overflow when the JSON generator is provided with an oversized streamed object. When streaming to an IO JSON.dump(obj, io) and JSON::State#generate(obj, io) can write past the internal JSON generator buffer when a streamed object contains an attacker-controlled string near 16 KB. Exploitation would result in a reliable process crash/denial of service. This issue has been fixed in version 2.19.9.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
堆缓冲区溢出
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Ruby JSON 缓冲区错误漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Ruby json是Ruby组织的一款处理JSON数据的软件。 Ruby JSON 2.9.0版本至2.19.8版本存在缓冲区错误漏洞，该漏洞源于当JSON生成器接收超大型流对象时发生堆缓冲区溢出，当流对象包含攻击者控制的约16KB字符串时，可写入内部JSON生成器缓冲区之后，导致进程崩溃/拒绝服务。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
ruby json >= 2.9.0, < 2.19.9 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-54696

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-54696

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-54696 (1)

Vendor Pages for CVE-2026-54696 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: json
Same vendor: ruby
Same weakness: CWE-122

V. Comments for CVE-2026-54696

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