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CVE-2026-57236— Nokogiri: Possible Use-After-Free when `Nokogiri::XML::Document#encoding=` raises an exception

Quick assessment

Affected
sparklemotion nokogiri
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Sparkle Motion Nokogiri是Sparkle Motion个人开发者的一个HTML、XML和SAX解析库。 Sparkle Motion Nokogiri 1.19.4之前版本存在资源管理错误漏洞，该漏洞源于使用无效编码调用Document#encoding=时释放了文档当前编码字符串但未替换，导致文档引用已释放内存，下次调用Document#encoding会读取无效内存，可能导致段错误或将释放的字节泄露到Ruby字符串中。

AI Predicted 5.5 Difficulty: Moderate EPSS 0.43% · P35

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
sparklemotion nokogiri < 1.19.4 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-57236

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Nokogiri: Possible Use-After-Free when `Nokogiri::XML::Document#encoding=` raises an exception
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Nokogiri is an open source XML and HTML library for the Ruby programming language. Prior to 1.19.4, calling Document#encoding= with an invalid encoding (e.g., a non-string, or a string containing a null byte) raises an exception, but only after freeing the document's current encoding string without replacing it. The document is left referencing freed memory, so the next call to Document#encoding reads invalid memory, which can cause a segfault or leak freed bytes into a Ruby String. Affects the CRuby (libxml2) implementation only; JRuby is not affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.19.4.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
释放后使用
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Sparkle Motion Nokogiri 资源管理错误漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Sparkle Motion Nokogiri是Sparkle Motion个人开发者的一个HTML、XML和SAX解析库。 Sparkle Motion Nokogiri 1.19.4之前版本存在资源管理错误漏洞，该漏洞源于使用无效编码调用Document#encoding=时释放了文档当前编码字符串但未替换，导致文档引用已释放内存，下次调用Document#encoding会读取无效内存，可能导致段错误或将释放的字节泄露到Ruby字符串中。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
sparklemotion nokogiri < 1.19.4 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-57236

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-57236

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-57236 (1)

Same Patch Batch · sparklemotion · 2026-06-25 · 8 CVEs total

CVE-2026-57234 2.6 LOW Nokogiri: XML::Schema on JRuby allows network requests when NONET is set, bypassing CVE-20
CVE-2026-57438 Nokogiri: Possible Use-After-Free in XInclude Processing
CVE-2026-57437 Nokogiri: Possible Use-After-Free when directly using `NokogirI::XML::XPathContext` beyond
CVE-2026-57235 Nokogiri: Possible Out-of-Bounds Read in `Nokogiri::XML::NodeSet#[]`
CVE-2026-57436 Nokogiri: Possible Use-After-Free when setting `Document#root=` to an invalid node type
CVE-2026-57435 Nokogiri: Possible Use-After-Free when setting an attribute value via `Nokogiri::XML::Attr
CVE-2026-57434 Nokogiri: Null Pointer Dereference calling methods on uninitialized wrapper classes

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: nokogiri
Same vendor: sparklemotion
Same weakness: CWE-416

V. Comments for CVE-2026-57236

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