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CVE-2026-68428— KVM: x86/mmu: Fix use-after-free on vendor module reload

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会开源的一个操作系统内核。 Linux kernel 2.6.25版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于KVM x86/mmu在销毁缓存时未清除指针，导致释放后重用。

AI Predicted 5.5 Difficulty: Hard EPSS 0.17% · P5

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1055 · Process Injection

Affected Version Matrix 18

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux cb498ea2ce1d3f3c0bc0a2522241dca10263e437< 034b7fa1f5846d69eb51f12ce6d1c71871e83c2d affected
cb498ea2ce1d3f3c0bc0a2522241dca10263e437< 42272b0f239f3a89f9c26a01cc37aee06138b1b7 affected
cb498ea2ce1d3f3c0bc0a2522241dca10263e437< 940950d5cd86f250dca578279ad5ca63b4e0986b affected
cb498ea2ce1d3f3c0bc0a2522241dca10263e437< 6f4be73880302d5642c83a0813fdfe1f5fd4b6e3 affected
cb498ea2ce1d3f3c0bc0a2522241dca10263e437< 32b9f89ed9e6d7a45075d64089c254a7f6e13695 affected
cb498ea2ce1d3f3c0bc0a2522241dca10263e437< ec9daa8fd1b6f45545c9839dca55bd867fad9e13 affected
cb498ea2ce1d3f3c0bc0a2522241dca10263e437< 43cfb20d62ffe49626d62beecfc32eb6f262191c affected
cb498ea2ce1d3f3c0bc0a2522241dca10263e437< 52f2f7c30126037975389aa04d24c506a5177c35 affected
… +10 more rows
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-68428

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
KVM: x86/mmu: Fix use-after-free on vendor module reload
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: x86/mmu: Fix use-after-free on vendor module reload mmu_destroy_caches() destroys pte_list_desc_cache and mmu_page_header_cache, but leaves both pointers unchanged. The pointers live in kvm.ko, and therefore survive when a vendor module is unloaded while kvm.ko remains loaded. If creation of pte_list_desc_cache fails during a subsequent vendor module load, its assignment sets pte_list_desc_cache to NULL and the error path calls mmu_destroy_caches(). mmu_page_header_cache still points to the cache destroyed during the preceding vendor module unload. Passing that stale pointer to kmem_cache_destroy() causes a slab use-after-free. Reproduce the issue on a v7.1.3 kernel with CONFIG_KASAN=y, CONFIG_KASAN_GENERIC=y, CONFIG_KVM=m, and CONFIG_KVM_INTEL=m. A one-shot test hook forces pte_list_desc_cache to NULL on the second invocation of kvm_mmu_vendor_module_init(): 1. Load kvm.ko and kvm-intel.ko, creating both caches. 2. Unload only kvm_intel, leaving kvm.ko loaded. 3. Reload kvm_intel and force initialization through the -ENOMEM path. KASAN reports: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in kvm_mmu_vendor_module_init+0x5b/0x170 [kvm] ... kmem_cache_destroy+0x21/0x1d0 kvm_mmu_vendor_module_init+0x5b/0x170 [kvm] ... Allocated by task 16817: __kmem_cache_create_args+0x12c/0x3b0 __kmem_cache_create.constprop.0+0xb6/0xf0 [kvm] kvm_mmu_vendor_module_init+0x13b/0x170 [kvm] ... Freed by task 16820: kmem_cache_destroy+0x117/0x1d0 kvm_mmu_vendor_module_exit+0x21/0x30 [kvm] Clear both pointers immediately after destroying their caches so that the stored state reflects the caches' lifetime and repeated cleanup is safe. With the fix applied, the same injected vendor module reload fails with -ENOMEM as expected and produces no KASAN report.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会开源的一个操作系统内核。 Linux kernel 2.6.25版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于KVM x86/mmu在销毁缓存时未清除指针，导致释放后重用。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux cb498ea2ce1d3f3c0bc0a2522241dca10263e437 ~ 034b7fa1f5846d69eb51f12ce6d1c71871e83c2d -
Linux Linux 2.6.25 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-68428

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-68428

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-68428 (8)

Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2026-08-10 · 344 CVEs total

CVE-2026-68136 9.8 CRITICAL net: gro: fix double aggregation of flush-marked skbs
CVE-2026-68117 9.8 CRITICAL tipc: clear sock->sk on the failed-insert path in tipc_sk_create()
CVE-2026-68156 9.8 CRITICAL libceph: refresh auth->authorizer_buf{,_len} after authorizer update
CVE-2026-68170 9.8 CRITICAL mptcp: fix stale skb->sk reference on subflow close
CVE-2026-68123 9.8 CRITICAL openvswitch: fix GSO userspace truncation underflow
CVE-2026-68127 9.8 CRITICAL ila: reload IPv6 header after pskb_may_pull in checksum adjust
CVE-2026-68158 9.8 CRITICAL libceph: Fix multiplication overflow in decode_new_up_state_weight()
CVE-2026-68137 9.8 CRITICAL net/x25: fix use-after-free in x25_kill_by_neigh()
CVE-2026-68154 9.8 CRITICAL libceph: reject zero bucket types in crush_decode
CVE-2026-68161 9.8 CRITICAL sctp: close UDP tunnel sockets during netns teardown
CVE-2026-68144 9.8 CRITICAL phonet: pep: fix use-after-free in pep_get_sb()
CVE-2026-68302 9.8 CRITICAL amt: re-read skb header pointers after every pull
CVE-2026-68300 9.8 CRITICAL sctp: auth: verify auth requirement when auth_chunk is NULL
CVE-2026-68388 9.8 CRITICAL smb/client: handle overlapping allocated ranges in fallocate
CVE-2026-68426 9.8 CRITICAL xfrm: fix stale skb->prev after async crypto steals a GSO segment
CVE-2026-68385 9.8 CRITICAL s390/checksum: Fix csum_partial() without vector facility
CVE-2026-68159 9.8 CRITICAL libceph: bound pg_{temp,upmap,upmap_items} length to CEPH_PG_MAX_SIZE
CVE-2026-68160 9.8 CRITICAL ceph: fix pre-auth out-of-bounds read on snaptrace in ceph_handle_caps()
CVE-2026-68381 9.8 CRITICAL ksmbd: pin conn during async oplock break notification
CVE-2026-68124 9.6 CRITICAL mctp: serial: handle zero-length frames to prevent rx buffer overflow

Showing top 20 of 344 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

V. Comments for CVE-2026-68428

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