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CVE-2026-72427— bpf: Fix effective prog array index with BPF_F_PREORDER

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会开源的一个操作系统内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于BPF有效程序数组索引计算错误，可能导致释放后重用。

CVSS 7.8 · High EPSS 0.13% · P3

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1068 · Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Affected Version Matrix 16

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux bc8023ef3b11410682e5d4990e05e5bc2d3e1c94< 525e408c27ae714e538b8c608c3a974df3ab6c92 affected
555c0b713ca83968d3c843cb15485b9ba3367b1b< 41b4320b84fdafe1ab586b06453d30d50415db59 affected
4b82b181a26cff8bf7adc3a85a88d121d92edeaf< 9697db03e010391c55ae75192cbdf30c5a72c114 affected
4b82b181a26cff8bf7adc3a85a88d121d92edeaf< b584f107ab90222bd825dcb4c5977326ff684109 affected
4b82b181a26cff8bf7adc3a85a88d121d92edeaf< f08aaee3152d0dfc578b3f2586932d82062701dd affected
4707ad649cf662add3058bff47430817811b048d affected
6.6.93< 6.6.145 affected
6.12.31< 6.12.97 affected
… +8 more rows
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-72427

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
bpf: Fix effective prog array index with BPF_F_PREORDER
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix effective prog array index with BPF_F_PREORDER replace_effective_prog() and purge_effective_progs() located the slot in the effective array by walking the program hlist and counting entries linearly. That count does not match the array layout: compute_effective_ progs() places BPF_F_PREORDER programs at the front (ancestor cgroup first, attach order within a cgroup) and the rest after them (descendant cgroup first). So when a preorder program is present, the linear hlist position no longer equals the program's index in the effective array. For replace_effective_prog() (bpf_link_update()) this overwrote the wrong slot, corrupting the effective order. For purge_effective_progs(), it could dummy out a slot belonging to a different program and leave the detached program in the array while bpf_prog_put() drops its reference, i.e. a use-after-free. Fix both by replaying compute_effective_progs()'s placement (including the per-cgroup preorder reversal) in a shared effective_prog_pos() helper. Identify the entry by its struct bpf_prog_list pointer rather than by (prog, link) value, so the lookup resolves to exactly the attachment the syscall selected even when the same bpf_prog is attached to several cgroups in the hierarchy.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会开源的一个操作系统内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于BPF有效程序数组索引计算错误，可能导致释放后重用。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux bc8023ef3b11410682e5d4990e05e5bc2d3e1c94 ~ 525e408c27ae714e538b8c608c3a974df3ab6c92 -
Linux Linux 6.15 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-72427

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-72427

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-72427 (4)

Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2026-08-15 · 845 CVEs total

CVE-2026-74280 10.0 CRITICAL crypto: marvell/octeontx - fix DMA cleanup using wrong loop index
CVE-2026-74279 10.0 CRITICAL crypto: cavium/cpt - fix DMA cleanup using wrong loop index
CVE-2026-72421 10.0 CRITICAL ipv4: fib: Don't ignore error route in local/main tables.
CVE-2026-74475 10.0 CRITICAL vxlan: use neigh_ha_snapshot() in route_shortcircuit()
CVE-2026-72408 10.0 CRITICAL geneve: gate GRO hint in geneve_gro_complete() on gs->gro_hint
CVE-2026-72407 10.0 CRITICAL geneve: validate inner network offset in geneve_gro_complete()
CVE-2026-74309 10.0 CRITICAL vdpa/octeon_ep: fix IRQ-to-ring mapping in interrupt handler
CVE-2026-72493 9.9 CRITICAL net: serialize netif_running() check in enqueue_to_backlog()
CVE-2026-72210 9.8 CRITICAL ntfs: fix off-by-one in mapping pairs decoding bounds checks
CVE-2026-74473 9.8 CRITICAL vxlan: use pskb_network_may_pull() in route_shortcircuit()
CVE-2026-72211 9.8 CRITICAL ntfs: grow index root value before reparent header update
CVE-2026-72209 9.8 CRITICAL ntfs: validate attribute values on lookup
CVE-2026-72477 9.8 CRITICAL fs/ntfs3: call _ntfs_bad_inode() when failing to rename
CVE-2026-72299 9.8 CRITICAL tipc: restrict socket queue dumps in enqueue tracepoints
CVE-2026-74434 9.8 CRITICAL rxrpc: Don't move a peeked OOB message onto the pending queue
CVE-2026-74433 9.8 CRITICAL rxrpc: Fix UAF in rxgk_issue_challenge()
CVE-2026-72473 9.8 CRITICAL xprtrdma: Decouple req recycling from RPC completion
CVE-2026-72472 9.8 CRITICAL nfs: use nfsi->rwsem to protect traversal of the file lock list
CVE-2026-74545 9.8 CRITICAL rtase: fix double free of multi-frag skb on DMA map failure
CVE-2026-72207 9.8 CRITICAL ntfs: not change 0-byte $DATA attribute to non-resident

Showing top 20 of 845 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

V. Comments for CVE-2026-72427

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