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CVE-2026-77955— Possible ZONEMD verification bypass window

Quick assessment

Affected
NLnet Labs Unbound
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

In NLnet Labs Unbound 1.13.2 up to and including 1.26.1, a vulnerability in ZONEMD configured zones (zonemd-check: yes) which are located below (but not at) a trust anchor allow for an attack window where (tampered with) zone contents are served (or stored to

CVSS 4.4 · Medium
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-77955

Vulnerability Information

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Vulnerability Title
Possible ZONEMD verification bypass window
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In NLnet Labs Unbound 1.13.2 up to and including 1.26.1, a vulnerability in ZONEMD configured zones (zonemd-check: yes) which are located below (but not at) a trust anchor allow for an attack window where (tampered with) zone contents are served (or stored to disk) prior to the ZONEMD integrity check. This is caused by the needed DS/DNSKEY asynchronous resolution that needs to happen before the ZONEMD check completes. If a zonefile is written to disk (zonefile: option) while the ZONEMD check failed, the tampered data are reloaded on startup and available until ZONEMD verification concludes again. If verification fails, the data is not served any more but still persists on disk for future reloads.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
对数据真实性的验证不充分
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
NLnet Labs Unbound 1.13.2 ~ 1.26.1 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-77955

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-77955

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Other References for CVE-2026-77955 (1)

Same Patch Batch · NLnet Labs · 2026-09-16 · 9 CVEs total

CVE-2026-81642 9.1 CRITICAL Heap buffer overflow and possible Remote Code Execution when digesting DNSKEY
CVE-2026-82717 8.4 HIGH CNAME synthesis could lead to heap corruption
CVE-2026-81634 7.5 HIGH Possible heap buffer overflow during DNSSEC canonicalization
CVE-2026-78227 6.5 MEDIUM Use-after-free in DoQ stream output buffer on reset re-transmission
CVE-2026-82720 5.9 MEDIUM Use-after-free in DoH stream cleanup code path
CVE-2026-85501 5.3 MEDIUM Retrap: Novel Vulnerabilities to launch Algorithmic Complexity Attacks on DNSSEC
CVE-2026-80225 5.3 MEDIUM Possible degradation of service from continuous queries on the same TCP/DoT connection
CVE-2026-77860 3.7 LOW 'serve-expired' can bypass Unbound 'wait-limit'

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Unbound
Same vendor: NLnet Labs
Same weakness: CWE-345

V. Comments for CVE-2026-77955

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