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CVE-2026-84383— libheif: Heap buffer overflow in `scale_nearest_neighbor()` via duplicate Alpha planes from nested `iden`/`auxl` items

Quick assessment

Affected
strukturag libheif
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

libheif 是用于 HEIF 和 AVIF 文件格式的解码器和编码器。在 1.22.0 到 1.23.2 的版本中，一个精心构造的 HEIF、HEIC 或 AVIF 项目图（item graph），通过嵌套的 和 引用，可能导致 向 添加具有不同位深度的重复 Alpha 平面。具体来说， 中的 使用第一个平面的 8 位深度来分配目标 Alpha 平面，随后遍历一个 10 位或 12 位的 Alpha 分量，并将 采样值写入同一块 8 位的内存分配中。输出几何参数决定了溢出的范围，而编码的采样值则控制了写入的数据

CVSS 9.8 · Critical EPSS 0.72% · P54

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
strukturag libheif >= 1.22.0, < 1.23.2 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-84383

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
libheif: Heap buffer overflow in `scale_nearest_neighbor()` via duplicate Alpha planes from nested `iden`/`auxl` items
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. From 1.22.0 until 1.23.2, a crafted HEIF, HEIC, or AVIF item graph using nested iden and auxl references can make HeifPixelImage::transfer_channel_from_image_as() append duplicate Alpha planes with different bit depths to m_storage. HeifPixelImage::scale_nearest_neighbor() in libheif/image/pixelimage.cc allocates the destination Alpha plane using the first plane's 8-bit depth, then iterates a later 10-bit or 12-bit Alpha component and writes uint16_t samples into the same 8-bit allocation. The output geometry controls the overflow extent and the encoded sample values control the data written, allowing a remote file processed by heif_decode_image() to cause a heap out-of-bounds write. This issue is fixed in version 1.23.2.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
跨界内存写
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
strukturag libheif >= 1.22.0, < 1.23.2 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-84383

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-84383

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-84383 (1)

Other References for CVE-2026-84383 (2)

Same Patch Batch · strukturag · 2026-09-18 · 9 CVEs total

CVE-2026-84447 7.5 HIGH libheif: Derived-image indirect reference chains and tiled offsets bypass decode caching a
CVE-2026-84446 7.5 HIGH libheif: Sequence decode timing-table initialization allows non-terminating loops and unbo
CVE-2026-84384 7.5 HIGH libheif: brotli/zlib decompression paths lack output-size limits, allowing decompression-b
CVE-2026-84444 7.4 HIGH libheif uncompressed tiled image encoding allows out-of-bounds write
CVE-2026-84451 6.5 MEDIUM libheif: Incomplete fix for CVE-2026-62292 leaves libheif vulnerable to an out-of-bounds r
CVE-2026-84450 4.3 MEDIUM libheif: `clap` + oversized `ispe` aborts on an assert in `Fraction::Fraction` (incomplete
CVE-2026-84448 4.0 MEDIUM libheif: Heap out-of-bounds read in libheif inline-mask region API (heif_region_item_add_r
CVE-2026-84449 3.7 LOW libheif hOp_RGB24_32_to_YCbCr Memory Access Error / SEGV

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: libheif
Same vendor: strukturag
Same weakness: CWE-787