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CVE-2026-85237— Missing Rate Limiting in Email OTP Verification Allows Brute-Force Authentication Bypass

Quick assessment

Affected
misp misp
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

MISP是MISP组织开源的一套开源的软件解决方案。该产品用于收集、存储、分发、共享网络安全指标,并具有威胁网络安全事件分析和恶意软件分析等功能。 MISP 2.5.45及之前版本存在授权问题漏洞，该漏洞源于邮件一次性密码（OTP）验证流程中的email_otp()端点未应用暴力破解保护，导致攻击者可进行无限制的OTP验证尝试，可能绕过附加身份验证因素，造成未授权访问受影响用户账户。

CVSS 8.6 · High EPSS 0.46% · P39

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
misp misp ≤ 2.5.45 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-85237

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Missing Rate Limiting in Email OTP Verification Allows Brute-Force Authentication Bypass
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
A vulnerability in MISP's email-based one-time password (OTP) authentication flow allowed an attacker to perform an unrestricted number of OTP verification attempts. The email_otp() endpoint did not apply brute-force protection when validating submitted OTP values. An attacker who had reached the OTP verification stage, for example after successfully providing a user's primary authentication credentials, could repeatedly submit candidate OTP values while the same OTP remained valid. This significantly increased the feasibility of guessing the OTP and bypassing the additional authentication factor, potentially resulting in unauthorized access to the affected user's account. The issue was exacerbated by the fact that the OTP is associated with the user rather than with an individual pending login session, allowing multiple concurrent sessions to attempt guesses against the same valid OTP. The patch integrates the existing MISP brute-force protection mechanism into the email OTP flow. Failed OTP attempts are now counted against the user, further attempts are rejected once the configured threshold is reached, and the active OTP is invalidated when the attempt budget is exhausted. Blocklisted users are also prevented from requesting the generation of a fresh OTP. In addition, OTP comparison now uses hash_equals() and validates that the submitted value is a string.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
过多认证尝试的限制不恰当
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
MISP 授权问题漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
MISP是MISP组织开源的一套开源的软件解决方案。该产品用于收集、存储、分发、共享网络安全指标,并具有威胁网络安全事件分析和恶意软件分析等功能。 MISP 2.5.45及之前版本存在授权问题漏洞，该漏洞源于邮件一次性密码（OTP）验证流程中的email_otp()端点未应用暴力破解保护，导致攻击者可进行无限制的OTP验证尝试，可能绕过附加身份验证因素，造成未授权访问受影响用户账户。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
misp misp 0 ~ 2.5.45 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-85237

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-85237

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-85237 (1)

Same Patch Batch · misp · 2026-09-03 · 9 CVEs total

CVE-2026-85216 9.5 CRITICAL MISP LDAP and LinOTP Authentication Bypass via Empty or Invalid Credentials
CVE-2026-85236 8.8 HIGH MISP cullEmptyEvents CSRF Allows Irreversible Deletion of Events via GET Request
CVE-2026-85221 7.6 HIGH MISP CurlClient TLS Peer Verification Disabled by Default Enables Man-in-the-Middle Attack
CVE-2026-85238 7.6 HIGH Session Fixation in MISP CustomAuth Authentication Allows Session Hijacking
CVE-2026-85239 7.1 HIGH MISP Event Template Definition Validation Bypass Allows Persistent Denial of Service
CVE-2026-85227 6.1 MEDIUM Reflected Cross-Site Scripting in MISP Event Filtering via taggedAttributes and galaxyAtta
CVE-2026-85226 5.3 MEDIUM MISP OnDemand Correlation Engine Missing Access Control Allows Disclosure of Restricted Co
CVE-2026-85230 5.3 MEDIUM MISP Dashboard Button Widget Allows Persistent JavaScript URL Injection

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: misp
Same vendor: misp
Same weakness: CWE-307

V. Comments for CVE-2026-85237

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