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CVE-2026-85714— Stirling-PDF: Remote Code Execution via H2

Quick assessment

Affected
Stirling-Tools Stirling-PDF
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Stirling-PDF 是一个本地托管的 Web 应用程序，支持对 PDF 文件执行多种操作。在 2.13.2 版本之前，如果系统使用默认的 H2 数据库和安全模式，经身份验证的管理员可以通过向 端点发送 POST 请求，上传精心构造的 SQL 文件。由于 方法仅按分号对规范化后的输入进行分割，并在语句中包含任何允许的关键字时即予以接受，因此可以绕过不充分的白名单限制，启用危险的 H2 函数（如 和 ）以及 功能。当通过 处理该文件时，会触发副作用，从而导致任意文件访问漏洞。 利用该漏洞，攻击者可以构建一条操作系

CVSS 9.1 · Critical EPSS 0.63% · P49

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Stirling-Tools Stirling-PDF < 2.13.2 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-85714

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Stirling-PDF: Remote Code Execution via H2
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Stirling-PDF is a locally hosted web application that facilitates various operations on PDF files. Prior to 2.13.2, an authenticated administrator using the default H2 database and security mode can upload a crafted SQL file to POST /api/v1/database/import-database. DatabaseService.validateSqlContent() splits normalized input on semicolons and accepts a statement when it contains any allowed keyword, allowing dangerous H2 functions such as FILE_READ and CSVWRITE, plus CREATE ALIAS, to bypass the insufficient whitelist and execute side effects when RUNSCRIPT processes the file. This permits arbitrary file access. The demonstrated operating-system command execution chain writes attacker-controlled startup files to a user-site location and then triggers an application Python interpreter configured to load those startup files, resulting in command execution as the JVM service account. This issue is fixed in version 2.13.2.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
对生成代码的控制不恰当(代码注入)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Stirling-Tools Stirling-PDF < 2.13.2 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-85714

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-85714

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-85714 (2)

Other References for CVE-2026-85714 (2)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Stirling-PDF
Same vendor: Stirling-Tools
Same weakness: CWE-94

V. Comments for CVE-2026-85714

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