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CVE-2026-91006— Apache Karaf: OS Command Injection in Child-Instance Launch (instance:* / InstancesMBean)

Quick assessment

Affected
Apache Software Foundation Apache Karaf
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Apache Karaf 的实例管理服务（InstanceServiceImpl）在构建用于启动子 Karaf JVM 的命令行时，采用字符串拼接的方式，并通过 （Unix/Linux 系统）或 （Windows 系统）执行该命令。调用者提供的 参数值未被引号包裹，直接拼接进命令字符串中。如果 值中包含 shell 元字符（如 、 、` ` $() instance:create instance:start instance:restart instance:change-opts InstanceMBean c

AI Predicted 8.1 Difficulty: Easy

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1059 · Command and Scripting Interpreter
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-91006

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Apache Karaf: OS Command Injection in Child-Instance Launch (instance:* / InstancesMBean)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Apache Karaf's instance-management service (InstanceServiceImpl) builds the command line used to launch a child Karaf JVM by string concatenation, then executes it through /bin/sh (Unix) or cscript (Windows). The caller-supplied javaOpts value is spliced into that string unquoted. A javaOpts value containing shell metacharacters (;, |, `, $(...)) is interpreted by the shell instead of being passed to the JVM as an option, giving arbitrary OS command execution as the Karaf process user. Reachable via the shell commands instance:create, instance:start, instance:restart, instance:change-opts, and the equivalent InstanceMBean JMX operations (createInstance, startInstance, changeJavaOpts, cloneInstance). Mitigation  * Set karaf.secured.command.compulsory.roles=admin in etc/system.properties to close the fail-open gap for all unconfigured command scopes. * Restrict which principals can reach instance:* commands and InstancesMBean via etc/users.properties role assignments. * Treat javaOpts passed to instance:create/instance:start/instance:change-opts/InstancesMBean as untrusted input only from fully-trusted operators.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
OS命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(OS命令注入)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Apache Software Foundation Apache Karaf 0 ~ 4.4.12 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-91006

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-91006

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Other References for CVE-2026-91006 (1)

Same Patch Batch · Apache Software Foundation · 2026-09-28 · 20 CVEs total

CVE-2026-82377 9.9 CRITICAL Apache Roller: Missing weblog authorization in XML-RPC Blogger/MetaWeblog handlers
CVE-2026-82384 9.8 CRITICAL Apache Roller: Unauthenticated deserialization in the XML-RPC endpoint
CVE-2026-82378 9.0 CRITICAL Apache Roller: OAuth authorization endpoint trusts request-supplied identity
CVE-2026-82383 8.2 HIGH Apache Roller: Anonymous setup action allows frontpage configuration tampering
CVE-2026-82380 8.1 HIGH Apache Roller: CSRF protection bypass via self-generated salt validation
CVE-2026-82379 7.7 HIGH Apache Roller: WSSE digest authentication headers can be replayed
CVE-2026-82348 7.7 HIGH Apache Roller: Cross-weblog resource tampering via unscoped authoring lookups
CVE-2026-82376 7.7 HIGH Apache Roller: XML external entity processing in trackback response parser
CVE-2026-82386 7.7 HIGH Apache Roller: XML external entity processing in OPML bookmark import
CVE-2026-82375 7.4 HIGH Apache Roller: Server-side request forgery via entry trackback and enclosure URLs
CVE-2026-82385 6.5 MEDIUM Apache Roller: Weblog template include escapes the Velocity sandbox and reads classpath fi
CVE-2026-91206 6.1 MEDIUM Apache Roller: Reflected XSS in the optional LDAP comment authenticator
CVE-2026-91204 6.1 MEDIUM Apache Roller: Stored javascript: URI in HTML comments
CVE-2026-82546 6.1 MEDIUM Apache Roller: Stored cross-site scripting through incoming Trackback links
CVE-2026-82382 6.1 MEDIUM Apache Roller: Reflected cross-site scripting in the frontpage directory parameter
CVE-2026-86507 6.1 MEDIUM Apache Roller: Stored XSS in comment moderation via comment author URL
CVE-2026-82387 5.4 MEDIUM Apache Roller: Stored cross-site scripting via uploaded media content type
CVE-2026-82381 5.4 MEDIUM Apache Roller: Stored cross-site scripting in the authoring UI
CVE-2026-90979 Apache Karaf: LDAP filter injection in JAAS LDAP login modules

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Apache Karaf
Same vendor: Apache Software Foundation
Same weakness: CWE-78

V. Comments for CVE-2026-91006

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