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CVE-2026-98044— bpf: Reject legacy packet loads from callbacks

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

在 Linux 内核中，已修复以下漏洞： BPF：拒绝从回调函数中使用旧式数据包加载指令 函数将子程序中对 或 的失败模拟为隐式返回，并将 R0 寄存器设置为零。它会调用 来探索这条合成的执行路径。 当从同步回调函数直接到达该加载指令时， 会强制执行回调返回契约，并将 R0 标记为“精确”（precise）。然而，在此路径上 R0 并非源自真实的指令，因此精度回溯（precision backtracking）在回溯到回调调用点时，R0 仍被要求为精确，从而触发了验证器中的“回调意外寄存器”（callback un

AI Predicted 4.4 Difficulty: Hard EPSS 0.17% · P5

Affected Version Matrix 21

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux ce01a4e5cfac7adbe0be565f90cd32ecbb2f8337< 3484a99303912db62428494a9061212049027e57 affected
ee861486e377edc55361c08dcbceab3f6b6577bd< bc489c0c9b8c86bd7fac42cfd1bb152f042fca56 affected
ee861486e377edc55361c08dcbceab3f6b6577bd< e7d28823c662128caae63f14e16bd394916c139b affected
928d354ae3557e8f755a227e67be88034eb3cd7f affected
8a800497d9f6c2ec9c2c1ba7b71d0ac2ea7f7bbe affected
de1055e7f9e67af32b1f3376066272b04e5223c0 affected
37ad2bb11e9de92cb7b94548705eeedd87f7d392 affected
8674e2db06cff6b50f2216eed9a761d15425bb34 affected
… +13 more rows
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-98044

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
bpf: Reject legacy packet loads from callbacks
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Reject legacy packet loads from callbacks check_ld_abs() models a failed BPF_LD_ABS or BPF_LD_IND in a subprogram as an implicit return with R0 set to zero. It calls prepare_func_exit() to explore this synthesized path. When the load is reached directly from a synchronous callback, prepare_func_exit() enforces the callback return contract and marks R0 precise. R0 is not derived from a real instruction on this path, so precision backtracking reaches the callback call with R0 still requested and triggers the "callback unexpected regs" verifier bug. A privileged program loader can therefore cause a verifier warning and an -EFAULT BPF_PROG_LOAD. These legacy packet-load instructions are deprecated. Reject them from callbacks rather than complicating their implicit-return model. Check all active frames before constructing the implicit return so nested static subprograms cannot hide the callback context. Global functions are verified independently with a fresh frame zero, so an active-frame check cannot identify a global function called from a callback. Also check the complete subprogram call graph during stack-depth validation and reject a function containing a legacy load when any caller is a callback. This covers global and static descendants without making has_ld_abs transitive, preserving its per-function BTF return-type check. Ordinary uses outside callbacks remain supported.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux ce01a4e5cfac7adbe0be565f90cd32ecbb2f8337 ~ 3484a99303912db62428494a9061212049027e57 -
Linux Linux 7.1 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-98044

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-98044

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-98044 (3)

Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2026-09-25 · 372 CVEs total

CVE-2026-100075 9.8 CRITICAL RDMA/srpt: Fix srpt_alloc_rw_ctxs() unwind counters
CVE-2026-97555 8.8 HIGH smb: client: fix heap overflow in DACL owner/group rewrite
CVE-2026-97957 8.8 HIGH net: hinic: fix mailbox segment buffer overflow
CVE-2026-97527 8.8 HIGH scsi: qla2xxx: Serialize NVMe unsol ctx list with a per-fcport lock
CVE-2026-97528 8.8 HIGH scsi: qla2xxx: Unlink NVMe unsol ctx before freeing on LS reject error
CVE-2026-98115 8.8 HIGH ksmbd: safely drain sessions during logoff
CVE-2026-97525 8.2 HIGH x86/mm/pat: Allocate split page tables as kernel page tables
CVE-2026-98069 8.1 HIGH net/rds: acquire the fastpath locks in rds_conn_shutdown()
CVE-2026-97573 8.1 HIGH bnxt_en: Handle buffer allocation failure in bnxt_rx_ring_reset()
CVE-2026-97570 8.1 HIGH bnxt_en: Bound SW TPA IDs to prevent crashes
CVE-2026-98130 8.1 HIGH sctp: fix a TOCTOU race in SCTP_CMD_TIMER_START
CVE-2026-98070 8.1 HIGH net/rds: acquire RDS_IN_XMIT in rds_tcp_reset_callbacks()
CVE-2026-98002 7.8 HIGH iommu/amd: Fix ineffective error check in nested domain allocation
CVE-2026-97575 7.8 HIGH media: v4l2-ctrls: validate AV1 tile counts
CVE-2026-97576 7.8 HIGH media: v4l2-ctrls: validate HEVC tile counts
CVE-2026-97941 7.8 HIGH mm/slab: take n->list_lock in __slab_try_return_freelist() to avoid race
CVE-2026-98112 7.8 HIGH ksmbd: fix listener task lifetime on netdev events
CVE-2026-97937 7.8 HIGH ftrace: fork: Initialize function graph state before copy_exec_state()
CVE-2026-97580 7.8 HIGH media: rkvdec: bound HEVC tile loops and PPS id to the array capacity
CVE-2026-97940 7.8 HIGH ipv6: fix fib6 walker UAF on seq stop

Showing top 20 of 372 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

V. Comments for CVE-2026-98044

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