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CVE-2026-98851— netfilter: nft_flow_offload: drop flowtable reference on init error path

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

在 Linux 内核中，以下漏洞已得到修复： netfilter: nft_flow_offload：在初始化错误路径中释放 flowtable 引用 nft_flow_offload_init() 在调用 nf_ct_netns_get() 之前，会通过 nft_use_inc() 增加 flowtable 的使用计数。当后者调用失败时，错误原样返回，导致该引用发生泄漏。 上层代码也未对此进行平衡处理：当表达式初始化回调失败时，nf_tables_newexpr() 会清除 expr->ops。因此，在 nft_

AI Predicted 5.5 Difficulty: Moderate

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1548.001 · Setuid and Setgid

Affected Version Matrix 10

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux a3c90f7a2323b331ae816d5b0633e68148e25d04< 64ac0cb574c740bf723affb79b646eeba920db6b affected
a3c90f7a2323b331ae816d5b0633e68148e25d04< c5f91098edee98c015f78488460a0609e62582a5 affected
a3c90f7a2323b331ae816d5b0633e68148e25d04< 4cd378423a33194a773c267fc58606d28fce95cf affected
a3c90f7a2323b331ae816d5b0633e68148e25d04< 747928b5d4ff8c8de55138a54c13980e4bb88578 affected
4.16 affected
< 4.16 unaffected
6.12.113≤ 6.12.* unaffected
6.18.56≤ 6.18.* unaffected
… +2 more rows
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-98851

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
netfilter: nft_flow_offload: drop flowtable reference on init error path
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nft_flow_offload: drop flowtable reference on init error path nft_flow_offload_init() bumps the flowtable use count with nft_use_inc() before calling nf_ct_netns_get(). When the latter fails, the error is returned as-is and the reference is leaked. The upper layers do not balance it either: nf_tables_newexpr() clears expr->ops when the expression init callback fails, so the nft_expr_more() iteration in nft_rule_expr_deactivate() and nf_tables_rule_destroy() stops right before the failed expression and its ->destroy callback, which would drop the reference, never runs. Each failed rule addition therefore leaks one flowtable reference and the flowtable can no longer be removed: NFT_MSG_DELFLOWTABLE keeps reporting -EBUSY even though no rule references it. Save the nf_ct_netns_get() return value and undo the nft_use_inc() when it fails, restoring the inc/dec pairing within nft_flow_offload_init() itself.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux a3c90f7a2323b331ae816d5b0633e68148e25d04 ~ 64ac0cb574c740bf723affb79b646eeba920db6b -
Linux Linux 4.16 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-98851

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-98851

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-98851 (4)

Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2026-10-18 · 435 CVEs total

CVE-2026-98719 KVM: SEV: Nullify "have run CPUs" mask pointer when freeing it
CVE-2026-98732 Bluetooth: btintel: fix buffer over-read in btintel_hw_error()
CVE-2026-98731 Bluetooth: btintel_pcie: fix plen overflow in btintel_pcie_recv_frame()
CVE-2026-98730 Bluetooth: btintel_pcie: reject oversized TX packets in send_frame()
CVE-2026-98729 x86/mm: Don't apply va_align to hugetlb mappings on AMD F15h
CVE-2026-98728 tpm: fix off-by-four bounds check in tpm2_get_random()
CVE-2026-98727 nvme-multipath: set BLK_FEAT_ZONED only after the zone info is known
CVE-2026-98726 nvme-multipath: fix underflow in ANA log bounds checks
CVE-2026-98725 nvmet-auth: fix out-of-bounds write in nvmet_auth_challenge()
CVE-2026-98724 nvmet: pci-epf: reject too-short SGL segments
CVE-2026-98723 nvmet: copy the hostid into the ctrl before creating PR pc_refs
CVE-2026-98722 mtd: block2mtd: Fix divide error when erase_size is zero
CVE-2026-98721 mtd: rawnand: cadence: Initialize IRQ state before requesting IRQ
CVE-2026-98720 KVM: nVMX: Force MSR bitmap refresh if runtime eVMCS controls are modified
CVE-2026-98707 wifi: mac80211: shut down RX BA session timer on teardown
CVE-2026-98711 wifi: cw1200: fix TX padding OOB read leaking heap data to device
CVE-2026-98710 wifi: iwlegacy: 3945: free EEPROM data on remove
CVE-2026-98709 wifi: mac80211: count only matching reservations in reserved switch
CVE-2026-98712 KVM: arm64: vgic: Take a refcount on IRQs referenced by last_lr_irq
CVE-2026-98708 wifi: mac80211: keep paired old chanctx alive

Showing top 20 of 435 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

V. Comments for CVE-2026-98851

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