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CWE-77 在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入) 类漏洞列表 1386

CWE-77 在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入) 类弱点 1386 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-77即命令注入，属于输入验证缺陷。攻击者通过构造包含特殊字符的恶意输入，篡改后端系统命令，从而执行任意指令或获取敏感数据。开发者应避免直接拼接用户输入，需采用白名单过滤、参数化调用或安全API替代系统命令执行，确保输入被严格限制在预期范围内，从源头阻断注入风险。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-77 命令注入（Command Injection）中特殊元素的不当中和 英文：产品使用来自上游组件的外部影响输入来构造命令的全部或部分内容，但在将命令发送给下游组件时，未对可能修改预期命令的特殊元素进行中和，或中和不当。 许多协议和产品拥有其自定义的命令语言。尽管操作系统（OS）或 Shell 命令字符串常被发现并作为攻击目标，但开发人员可能未意识到这些其他命令语言也可能易受攻击。
常见影响 (1)
Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
If a malicious user injects a character (such as a semi-colon) that delimits the end of one command and the beginning of another, it may be possible to then insert an entirely new and unrelated command that was not intended to be executed. This gives an attacker a privilege or capability that they w…
缓解措施 (5)
Architecture and Design If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Implementation If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Implementation Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Operation Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
System Configuration Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
代码示例 (2)
Consider a "CWE Differentiator" application that uses an an LLM generative AI based "chatbot" to explain the difference between two weaknesses. As input, it accepts two CWE IDs, constructs a prompt string, sends the prompt to the chatbot, and prints the results. The prompt string effectively acts as a command to the chatbot component. Assume that invokeChatbot() calls the chatbot and returns the …
prompt = "Explain the difference between {} and {}".format(arg1, arg2) result = invokeChatbot(prompt) resultHTML = encodeForHTML(result) print resultHTML
Bad · Python
Explain the difference between CWE-77 and CWE-78
Informative
Consider the following program. It intends to perform an "ls -l" on an input filename. The validate_name() subroutine performs validation on the input to make sure that only alphanumeric and "-" characters are allowed, which avoids path traversal (CWE-22) and OS command injection (CWE-78) weaknesses. Only filenames like "abc" or "d-e-f" are intended to be allowed.
my $arg = GetArgument("filename"); do_listing($arg); sub do_listing { my($fname) = @_; if (! validate_name($fname)) { print "Error: name is not well-formed!\n"; return; } # build command my $cmd = "/bin/ls -l $fname"; system($cmd); } sub validate_name { my($name) = @_; if ($name =~ /^[\w\-]+$/) { return(1); } else { return(0); } }
Bad · Perl
if ($name =~ /^\w[\w\-]+$/) ...
Good · Perl
CVE ID 标题 CVSS 风险等级 Published
CVE-2025-4121 NETGEAR JWNR2000 注入漏洞 — JWNR2000v2 6.3 Medium 2025-04-30
CVE-2025-4076 LB-LINK BL-AC3600 注入漏洞 — BL-AC3600 6.3 Medium 2025-04-29
CVE-2025-3987 TOTOLINK N150RT 注入漏洞 — N150RT 6.3 Medium 2025-04-27
CVE-2025-3983 AMTT Hotel Broadband Operation System 注入漏洞 — Hotel Broadband Operation System 4.7 Medium 2025-04-27
CVE-2025-43858 Bluegrams YoutubeDLSharp 安全漏洞 — YoutubeDLSharp 9.2 Critical 2025-04-24
CVE-2025-43012 JetBrains Toolbox 命令注入漏洞 — Toolbox App 8.3 High 2025-04-17
CVE-2025-3546 H3C多款产品 注入漏洞 — Magic NX15 8.0 High 2025-04-14
CVE-2025-3545 H3C多款产品 注入漏洞 — Magic NX15 8.0 High 2025-04-14
CVE-2025-3544 H3C多款产品 注入漏洞 — Magic NX15 8.0 High 2025-04-14
CVE-2025-3543 H3C多款产品 安全漏洞 — Magic NX15 8.0 High 2025-04-14
CVE-2025-3542 H3C多款产品 注入漏洞 — Magic NX15 8.0 High 2025-04-13
CVE-2025-3541 H3C多款产品 注入漏洞 — Magic NX15 8.0 High 2025-04-13
CVE-2025-3540 H3C多款产品 注入漏洞 — Magic NX15 8.0 High 2025-04-13
CVE-2025-3539 H3C多款产品 注入漏洞 — Magic NX15 8.0 High 2025-04-13
CVE-2025-3249 TOTOLINK A6000R 注入漏洞 — A6000R 6.3 Medium 2025-04-04
CVE-2025-3008 Novastar CX40 安全漏洞 — CX40 5.5 Medium 2025-03-31
CVE-2025-2916 Aishida Call Center System 注入漏洞 — Call Center System 6.3 Medium 2025-03-28
CVE-2024-9773 GitLab Enterprise Edition（EE） 命令注入漏洞 — GitLab 3.7 Low 2025-03-27
CVE-2025-2732 H3C Magic NX30 Pro和H3C Magic NX400 安全漏洞 — Magic NX15 8.0 High 2025-03-25
CVE-2025-2731 H3C Magic NX30 Pro和H3C Magic NX400 安全漏洞 — Magic NX15 8.0 High 2025-03-25
CVE-2025-2730 H3C Magic NX30 Pro和H3C Magic NX400 注入漏洞 — Magic NX15 8.0 High 2025-03-25
CVE-2025-2729 H3C Magic NX30 Pro和H3C Magic NX400 注入漏洞 — Magic NX15 8.0 High 2025-03-25
CVE-2025-2728 H3C Magic NX30 Pro和H3C Magic NX400 注入漏洞 — Magic NX30 Pro 8.0 High 2025-03-25
CVE-2025-2727 H3C Magic NX30 Pro 注入漏洞 — Magic NX30 Pro 8.0 High 2025-03-25
CVE-2025-2726 H3C多款产品 注入漏洞 — Magic NX15 8.0 High 2025-03-25
CVE-2025-2725 H3C多款产品 安全漏洞 — Magic NX15 8.0 High 2025-03-25
CVE-2024-8156 AutoGPT 安全漏洞 — significant-gravitas/autogpt 8.8 - 2025-03-20
CVE-2025-22472 Dell SmartFabric OS10 命令注入漏洞 — SmartFabric OS10 Software 7.8 High 2025-03-17
CVE-2025-22473 Dell SmartFabric OS10 命令注入漏洞 — SmartFabric OS10 Software 7.8 High 2025-03-17
CVE-2024-48017 Dell SmartFabric OS10 命令注入漏洞 — SmartFabric OS10 Software 6.5 Medium 2025-03-17

CWE-77（在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入)） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 1386 条 CVE 漏洞。