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CWE-77 在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入) 类漏洞列表 1382

CWE-77 在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入) 类弱点 1382 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-77即命令注入，属于输入验证缺陷。攻击者通过构造包含特殊字符的恶意输入，篡改后端系统命令，从而执行任意指令或获取敏感数据。开发者应避免直接拼接用户输入，需采用白名单过滤、参数化调用或安全API替代系统命令执行，确保输入被严格限制在预期范围内，从源头阻断注入风险。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-77 命令注入（Command Injection）中特殊元素的不当中和 英文：产品使用来自上游组件的外部影响输入来构造命令的全部或部分内容，但在将命令发送给下游组件时，未对可能修改预期命令的特殊元素进行中和，或中和不当。 许多协议和产品拥有其自定义的命令语言。尽管操作系统（OS）或 Shell 命令字符串常被发现并作为攻击目标，但开发人员可能未意识到这些其他命令语言也可能易受攻击。
常见影响 (1)
Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
If a malicious user injects a character (such as a semi-colon) that delimits the end of one command and the beginning of another, it may be possible to then insert an entirely new and unrelated command that was not intended to be executed. This gives an attacker a privilege or capability that they w…
缓解措施 (5)
Architecture and Design If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Implementation If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Implementation Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Operation Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
System Configuration Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
代码示例 (2)
Consider a "CWE Differentiator" application that uses an an LLM generative AI based "chatbot" to explain the difference between two weaknesses. As input, it accepts two CWE IDs, constructs a prompt string, sends the prompt to the chatbot, and prints the results. The prompt string effectively acts as a command to the chatbot component. Assume that invokeChatbot() calls the chatbot and returns the …
prompt = "Explain the difference between {} and {}".format(arg1, arg2) result = invokeChatbot(prompt) resultHTML = encodeForHTML(result) print resultHTML
Bad · Python
Explain the difference between CWE-77 and CWE-78
Informative
Consider the following program. It intends to perform an "ls -l" on an input filename. The validate_name() subroutine performs validation on the input to make sure that only alphanumeric and "-" characters are allowed, which avoids path traversal (CWE-22) and OS command injection (CWE-78) weaknesses. Only filenames like "abc" or "d-e-f" are intended to be allowed.
my $arg = GetArgument("filename"); do_listing($arg); sub do_listing { my($fname) = @_; if (! validate_name($fname)) { print "Error: name is not well-formed!\n"; return; } # build command my $cmd = "/bin/ls -l $fname"; system($cmd); } sub validate_name { my($name) = @_; if ($name =~ /^[\w\-]+$/) { return(1); } else { return(0); } }
Bad · Perl
if ($name =~ /^\w[\w\-]+$/) ...
Good · Perl
CVE ID 标题 CVSS 风险等级 Published
CVE-2023-33300 Fortinet FortiNAC 安全漏洞 — FortiNAC 4.8 Medium 2025-03-14
CVE-2024-46662 Fortinet FortiManager和Fortinet FortiManager Cloud 命令注入漏洞 — FortiManager 8.3 High 2025-03-14
CVE-2024-8402 GitLab Enterprise Edition（EE）和GitLab Community Edition（CE） 命令注入漏洞 — GitLab 3.7 Low 2025-03-13
CVE-2024-13871 Bitdefender Box 命令注入漏洞 — BOX v1 8.8 - 2025-03-12
CVE-2025-26627 Microsoft Azure 命令注入漏洞 — Azure ARC 7.0 High 2025-03-11
CVE-2025-24049 Microsoft Azure 命令注入漏洞 — Azure CLI 8.4 High 2025-03-11
CVE-2024-53700 QNAP Systems QuRouter 命令注入漏洞 — QuRouter 7.2 - 2025-03-07
CVE-2024-53692 QNAP Systems QTS和QNAP Systems QuTS hero 操作系统命令注入漏洞 — QTS 7.2 - 2025-03-07
CVE-2025-26331 Dell ThinOS 命令注入漏洞 — Wyse Proprietary OS (Modern ThinOS) 7.8 High 2025-03-07
CVE-2025-1947 hzmanyun Education and Training System 注入漏洞 — Education and Training System 6.3 Medium 2025-03-04
CVE-2025-1946 hzmanyun Education and Training System 注入漏洞 — Education and Training System 6.3 Medium 2025-03-04
CVE-2025-27423 Vim 命令注入漏洞 — vim 7.1 High 2025-03-03
CVE-2025-1845 EsafeNet DSM 安全漏洞 — DSM 6.3 Medium 2025-03-03
CVE-2025-1800 D-Link DAR-7000 注入漏洞 — DAR-7000 6.3 Medium 2025-03-01
CVE-2025-20117 Cisco APIC 命令注入漏洞 — Cisco Application Policy Infrastructure Controller (APIC) 5.1 Medium 2025-02-26
CVE-2025-27146 matrix-appservice-irc 安全漏洞 — matrix-appservice-irc 2.7 Low 2025-02-25
CVE-2025-1448 Synway SMG Gateway Management Software 注入漏洞 — SMG Gateway Management Software 7.3 High 2025-02-19
CVE-2025-1338 NUUO Camera 注入漏洞 — Camera 7.3 High 2025-02-16
CVE-2025-0593 SICK Lector8xx和SICK InspectorP8xx 安全漏洞 — SICK Lector8xx 8.8 High 2025-02-14
CVE-2025-22630 WordPress plugin Widget Options 命令注入漏洞 — Widget Options 9.9 Critical 2025-02-14
CVE-2025-24861 Outback Power Mojave Inverter 命令注入漏洞 — Mojave Inverter 7.5 High 2025-02-13
CVE-2024-12251 Progress Telerik UI 命令注入漏洞 — Telerik UI for WinUI 7.8 High 2025-02-12
CVE-2023-5878 Honeywell OneWireless Wireless Device Manager 安全漏洞 — OneWireless Network Wireless Device Manager 8.8 - 2025-02-06
CVE-2025-23239 F5 BIG-IP 命令注入漏洞 — BIG-IP 8.7 High 2025-02-05
CVE-2024-23971 ChargePoint Home Flex 安全漏洞 — Home Flex 8.8 High 2025-01-30
CVE-2024-48841 ABB FLXeon 安全漏洞 — FLXEON 10.0 Critical 2025-01-27
CVE-2024-52325 ECOVACS robot lawnmowers和vacuums 命令注入漏洞 — GOAT G1 9.6 Critical 2025-01-23
CVE-2025-23196 Apache Ambari 命令注入漏洞 — Apache Ambari 8.8 - 2025-01-21
CVE-2024-54681 Ossur Mobile Logic Application 命令注入漏洞 — Mobile Logic Application 3.5 Low 2025-01-17
CVE-2025-0528 Tenda AC10 注入漏洞 — AC8 7.2 High 2025-01-17

CWE-77（在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入)） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 1382 条 CVE 漏洞。