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CWE-77 在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入) 类漏洞列表 1387

CWE-77 在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入) 类弱点 1387 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-77即命令注入，属于输入验证缺陷。攻击者通过构造包含特殊字符的恶意输入，篡改后端系统命令，从而执行任意指令或获取敏感数据。开发者应避免直接拼接用户输入，需采用白名单过滤、参数化调用或安全API替代系统命令执行，确保输入被严格限制在预期范围内，从源头阻断注入风险。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-77 命令注入（Command Injection）中特殊元素的不当中和 英文：产品使用来自上游组件的外部影响输入来构造命令的全部或部分内容，但在将命令发送给下游组件时，未对可能修改预期命令的特殊元素进行中和，或中和不当。 许多协议和产品拥有其自定义的命令语言。尽管操作系统（OS）或 Shell 命令字符串常被发现并作为攻击目标，但开发人员可能未意识到这些其他命令语言也可能易受攻击。
常见影响 (1)
Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
If a malicious user injects a character (such as a semi-colon) that delimits the end of one command and the beginning of another, it may be possible to then insert an entirely new and unrelated command that was not intended to be executed. This gives an attacker a privilege or capability that they w…
缓解措施 (5)
Architecture and Design If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Implementation If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Implementation Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Operation Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
System Configuration Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
代码示例 (2)
Consider a "CWE Differentiator" application that uses an an LLM generative AI based "chatbot" to explain the difference between two weaknesses. As input, it accepts two CWE IDs, constructs a prompt string, sends the prompt to the chatbot, and prints the results. The prompt string effectively acts as a command to the chatbot component. Assume that invokeChatbot() calls the chatbot and returns the …
prompt = "Explain the difference between {} and {}".format(arg1, arg2) result = invokeChatbot(prompt) resultHTML = encodeForHTML(result) print resultHTML
Bad · Python
Explain the difference between CWE-77 and CWE-78
Informative
Consider the following program. It intends to perform an "ls -l" on an input filename. The validate_name() subroutine performs validation on the input to make sure that only alphanumeric and "-" characters are allowed, which avoids path traversal (CWE-22) and OS command injection (CWE-78) weaknesses. Only filenames like "abc" or "d-e-f" are intended to be allowed.
my $arg = GetArgument("filename"); do_listing($arg); sub do_listing { my($fname) = @_; if (! validate_name($fname)) { print "Error: name is not well-formed!\n"; return; } # build command my $cmd = "/bin/ls -l $fname"; system($cmd); } sub validate_name { my($name) = @_; if ($name =~ /^[\w\-]+$/) { return(1); } else { return(0); } }
Bad · Perl
if ($name =~ /^\w[\w\-]+$/) ...
Good · Perl
CVE ID 标题 CVSS 风险等级 Published
CVE-2023-41334 Astropy 安全漏洞 — astropy 8.4 High 2024-03-18
CVE-2024-26204 Microsoft Outlook for Android 安全漏洞 — Microsoft Outlook for Android 7.5 High 2024-03-12
CVE-2024-25998 PHOENIX CONTACT CHARX SEC-3000 输入验证错误漏洞 — CHARX SEC-3000 7.3 High 2024-03-12
CVE-2024-22127 SAP NetWeaver 代码注入漏洞 — SAP NetWeaver AS Java (Administrator Log Viewer plug-in) 9.1 Critical 2024-03-12
CVE-2024-2352 1Panel 命令注入漏洞 — 1Panel 6.3 Medium 2024-03-10
CVE-2024-0817 PaddlePaddle 命令注入漏洞 — paddlepaddle/paddle 8.4AI High AI 2024-03-07
CVE-2024-1781 TOTOLINK X6000R 命令注入漏洞 — X6000R AX3000 6.3 Medium 2024-02-23
CVE-2024-23346 Pymatgen 安全漏洞 — pymatgen 9.4 Critical 2024-02-21
CVE-2024-22093 F5 BIG-IP 安全漏洞 — BIG-IP 8.7 High 2024-02-14
CVE-2024-20667 Microsoft Azure DevOps Server 安全漏洞 — Azure DevOps Server 7.5 High 2024-02-13
CVE-2023-47218 QNAP多款产品命令注入漏洞 — QTS 5.8 Medium 2024-02-13
CVE-2023-46687 Emerson Rosemount GC370XA、GC700XA、GC1500XA 命令注入漏洞 — Rosemount GC370XA 9.8 Critical 2024-02-09
CVE-2023-49716 Emerson Rosemount GC370XA、GC700XA、GC1500XA 命令注入漏洞 — Rosemount GC370XA 6.9 Medium 2024-02-09
CVE-2023-47562 QNAP Systems Photo Station 命令注入漏洞 — Photo Station 7.4 High 2024-02-02
CVE-2023-45025 QNAP 多款产品命令注入漏洞 — QTS 9.0 Critical 2024-02-02
CVE-2023-41283 QNAP 多款产品命令注入漏洞 — QTS 5.5 Medium 2024-02-02
CVE-2023-41282 QNAP 多款产品 操作系统命令注入漏洞 — QTS 5.5 Medium 2024-02-02
CVE-2023-41281 多款QNAP Systems产品 操作系统命令注入漏洞 — QTS 5.5 Medium 2024-02-02
CVE-2024-21488 Network Utilies for Node.js 安全漏洞 — network 7.3 High 2024-01-30
CVE-2024-0920 TRENDnet TEW-822DRE 命令注入漏洞 — TEW-822DRE 7.2 High 2024-01-26
CVE-2024-0919 TRENDnet TEW-815DAP 命令注入漏洞 — TEW-815DAP 8.8 High 2024-01-26
CVE-2024-23628 Motorola MR2600 安全漏洞 — MR2600 9.0 Critical 2024-01-25
CVE-2024-23627 Motorola MR2600 安全漏洞 — MR2600 9.0 Critical 2024-01-25
CVE-2024-23626 Motorola MR2600 命令注入漏洞 — MR2600 9.0 Critical 2024-01-25
CVE-2024-23625 D-Link DAP-1650 命令注入漏洞 — DAP-1650 9.6 Critical 2024-01-25
CVE-2024-23624 D-Link DAP-1650 命令注入漏洞 — DAP-1650 9.6 Critical 2024-01-25
CVE-2023-7227 SystemK NVR 命令注入漏洞 — NVR 504 9.8 Critical 2024-01-25
CVE-2024-0579 TOTOLINK X2000R 命令注入漏洞 — X2000R 6.3 Medium 2024-01-16
CVE-2023-42136 PAX Technology Android based POS 安全漏洞 — POS terminals 7.8 High 2024-01-15
CVE-2024-22198 Nginx UI 命令注入漏洞 — nginx-ui 7.1 High 2024-01-11

CWE-77（在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入)） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 1387 条 CVE 漏洞。