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CVE-2025-11578— Pre-Receive Hook Path Collision Vulnerability in GitHub Enterprise Server Allowing Privilege Escalation

Quick assessment

Affected
GitHub Enterprise Server
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

GitHub Enterprise Server是美国GitHub开源的一个应用软件。提供一个将自己的GitHub实例设置为虚拟设备，从而提供可扩展，易于管理的平台。 GitHub Enterprise Server 3.19之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于预接收钩子环境中符号链接逃逸，可能导致权限提升。

AI Predicted 7.5 Difficulty: Easy EPSS 0.66% · P50
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-11578

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Pre-Receive Hook Path Collision Vulnerability in GitHub Enterprise Server Allowing Privilege Escalation
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
A privilege escalation vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed an authenticated Enterprise admin to gain root SSH access to the appliance by exploiting a symlink escape in pre-receive hook environments. By crafting a malicious repository and environment, an attacker could replace system binaries during hook cleanup and execute a payload that adds their own SSH key to the root user’s authorized keys—thereby granting themselves root SSH access to the server. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker needed to have enterprise admin privileges. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.19, and was fixed in versions 3.14.20, 3.15.15, 3.16.11, 3.17.8, 3.18.2. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
在文件访问前对链接解析不恰当(链接跟随)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
GitHub Enterprise Server 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
GitHub Enterprise Server是美国GitHub开源的一个应用软件。提供一个将自己的GitHub实例设置为虚拟设备，从而提供可扩展，易于管理的平台。 GitHub Enterprise Server 3.19之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于预接收钩子环境中符号链接逃逸，可能导致权限提升。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
GitHub Enterprise Server 3.14 ~ 3.14.19 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-11578

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-11578

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IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Enterprise Server
Same vendor: GitHub
Same weakness: CWE-59

V. Comments for CVE-2025-11578

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