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CVE-2025-24976— Distribution's token authentication allows attacker to inject an untrusted signing key in a JWT

Quick assessment

Affected
distribution distribution
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Distribution是Distribution开源的用于打包、运输、存储和交付内容的工具集。 Distribution 3.0.0-beta.1版本至3.0.0-rc.2版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于允许攻击者在JSON Web令牌中注入不受信任的签名密钥。

AI Predicted 9.8 Difficulty: Easy EPSS 0.35% · P27

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1190 · Exploit Public-Facing Application
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-24976

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Distribution's token authentication allows attacker to inject an untrusted signing key in a JWT
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Distribution is a toolkit to pack, ship, store, and deliver container content. Systems running registry versions 3.0.0-beta.1 through 3.0.0-rc.2 with token authentication enabled may be vulnerable to an issue in which token authentication allows an attacker to inject an untrusted signing key in a JSON web token (JWT). The issue lies in how the JSON web key (JWK) verification is performed. When a JWT contains a JWK header without a certificate chain, the code only checks if the KeyID (`kid`) matches one of the trusted keys, but doesn't verify that the actual key material matches. A fix for the issue is available at commit 5ea9aa028db65ca5665f6af2c20ecf9dc34e5fcd and expected to be a part of version 3.0.0-rc.3. There is no way to work around this issue without patching if the system requires token authentication.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
通过用户控制密钥绕过授权机制
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Distribution 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Distribution是Distribution开源的用于打包、运输、存储和交付内容的工具集。 Distribution 3.0.0-beta.1版本至3.0.0-rc.2版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于允许攻击者在JSON Web令牌中注入不受信任的签名密钥。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
distribution distribution >= 3.0.0-beta.1, <= 3.0.0-rc.2 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-24976

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-24976

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2025-24976 (1)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-24976 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: distribution
Same vendor: distribution
Same weakness: CWE-639

V. Comments for CVE-2025-24976

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