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CVE-2025-46727— Unbounded-Parameter DoS in Rack::QueryParser

Quick assessment

Affected
rack rack
Exploitation
Public or AI PoC available; prioritize validation
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Rack是Rack开源的一个模块化的Ruby web服务器界面。 Rack 2.2.14之前版本、3.0.16之前版本和3.1.14之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于Rack::QueryParser解析查询字符串时未限制参数数量，可能导致拒绝服务攻击。

CVSS 7.5 · High EPSS 1.16% · P66
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-46727

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Unbounded-Parameter DoS in Rack::QueryParser
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to versions 2.2.14, 3.0.16, and 3.1.14, `Rack::QueryParser` parses query strings and `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` bodies into Ruby data structures without imposing any limit on the number of parameters, allowing attackers to send requests with extremely large numbers of parameters. The vulnerability arises because `Rack::QueryParser` iterates over each `&`-separated key-value pair and adds it to a Hash without enforcing an upper bound on the total number of parameters. This allows an attacker to send a single request containing hundreds of thousands (or more) of parameters, which consumes excessive memory and CPU during parsing. An attacker can trigger denial of service by sending specifically crafted HTTP requests, which can cause memory exhaustion or pin CPU resources, stalling or crashing the Rack server. This results in full service disruption until the affected worker is restarted. Versions 2.2.14, 3.0.16, and 3.1.14 fix the issue. Some other mitigations are available. One may use middleware to enforce a maximum query string size or parameter count, or employ a reverse proxy (such as Nginx) to limit request sizes and reject oversized query strings or bodies. Limiting request body sizes and query string lengths at the web server or CDN level is an effective mitigation.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
未加控制的资源消耗(资源穷尽)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Rack 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Rack是Rack开源的一个模块化的Ruby web服务器界面。 Rack 2.2.14之前版本、3.0.16之前版本和3.1.14之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于Rack::QueryParser解析查询字符串时未限制参数数量，可能导致拒绝服务攻击。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
rack rack < 2.2.14 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-46727

# POC Description Source Link Shenlong Link
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Qwen3.6-35B-A3B · 6405 chars
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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-46727

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-46727 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: rack
Same vendor: rack
Same weakness: CWE-400

V. Comments for CVE-2025-46727

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