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CVE-2025-49012— Himmelblau's Name-Based Group Matching in `pam_allow_groups` Leads to Potential Security Bypass

Quick assessment

Affected
himmelblau-idm himmelblau
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Himmelblau是Himmelblau开源的一个 Azure Entra ID 身份验证模块。 Himmelblau 0.9.0至0.9.14版本和1.00-alpha版本存在授权问题漏洞，该漏洞源于组名匹配不当，可能导致权限提升。

CVSS 5.4 · Medium EPSS 0.33% · P26

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1078 · Valid Accounts
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-49012

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Himmelblau's Name-Based Group Matching in `pam_allow_groups` Leads to Potential Security Bypass
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Himmelblau is an interoperability suite for Microsoft Azure Entra ID and Intune. Himmelblau versions 0.9.0 through 0.9.14 and 1.00-alpha are vulnerable to a privilege escalation issue when Entra ID group-based access restrictions are configured using group display names instead of object IDs. Starting in version 0.9.0, Himmelblau introduced support for specifying group names in the `pam_allow_groups` configuration option. However, Microsoft Entra ID permits the creation of multiple groups with the same `displayName` via the Microsoft Graph API—even by non-admin users, depending on tenant settings. As a result, a user could create a personal group with the same name as a legitimate access group (e.g., `"Allow-Linux-Login"`), add themselves to it, and be granted authentication or `sudo` rights by Himmelblau. Because affected Himmelblau versions compare group names by either `displayName` or by the immutable `objectId`, this allows bypassing access control mechanisms intended to restrict login to members of official, centrally-managed groups. This issue is fixed in Himmelblau version **0.9.15** and later. In these versions, group name matching in `pam_allow_groups` has been deprecated and removed, and only group `objectId`s (GUIDs) may be specified for secure group-based filtering. To mitigate the issue without upgrading, replace all entries in `pam_allow_groups` with the objectId of the target Entra ID group(s) and/or audit your tenant for groups with duplicate display names using the Microsoft Graph API.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
认证机制不恰当
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Himmelblau 授权问题漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Himmelblau是Himmelblau开源的一个 Azure Entra ID 身份验证模块。 Himmelblau 0.9.0至0.9.14版本和1.00-alpha版本存在授权问题漏洞，该漏洞源于组名匹配不当，可能导致权限提升。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
himmelblau-idm himmelblau >= 0.9.0, < 0.9.15 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-49012

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-49012

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-49012 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: himmelblau
Same vendor: himmelblau-idm
Same weakness: CWE-287

V. Comments for CVE-2025-49012

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