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CVE-2025-54366— FreeScout's deserialization of untrusted data leads to Remote Code Execution

Quick assessment

Affected
freescout-help-desk freescout
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

FreeScout是FreeScout公司的一个使用 PHP（Laravel 框架）构建的超轻量级且功能强大的免费开源帮助台和共享收件箱。 FreeScout 1.8.185及之前版本存在代码问题漏洞，该漏洞源于不安全反序列化，可能导致远程代码执行。

AI Predicted 8.1 Difficulty: Easy EPSS 0.98% · P60

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1190 · Exploit Public-Facing Application
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-54366

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
FreeScout's deserialization of untrusted data leads to Remote Code Execution
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
FreeScout is a lightweight free open source help desk and shared inbox built with PHP (Laravel framework). In versions 1.8.185 and below, there is a critical deserialization vulnerability in the /conversation/ajax endpoint that allows authenticated users with knowledge of the APP_KEY to achieve remote code execution. The vulnerability occurs when the application processes the attachments_all and attachments POST parameters through the insecure Helper::decrypt() function, which performs unsafe deserialization of user-controlled data without proper validation. This flaw enables attackers to create arbitrary objects and manipulate their properties, leading to complete compromise of the web application. This is fixed in version 1.8.186.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
可信数据的反序列化
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
FreeScout 代码问题漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
FreeScout是FreeScout公司的一个使用 PHP（Laravel 框架）构建的超轻量级且功能强大的免费开源帮助台和共享收件箱。 FreeScout 1.8.185及之前版本存在代码问题漏洞，该漏洞源于不安全反序列化，可能导致远程代码执行。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
freescout-help-desk freescout < 1.8.186 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-54366

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-54366

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-54366 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: freescout
Same vendor: freescout-help-desk
Same weakness: CWE-502

V. Comments for CVE-2025-54366

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