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CVE-2025-64505— LIBPNG is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow in `png_do_quantize` via malformed palette index

Quick assessment

Affected
pnggroup libpng
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

libpng是The PNG Development Group开源的一个可对PNG图形文件实现创建、读写等操作的PNG参考库。 libpng 1.6.51之前版本存在缓冲区错误漏洞，该漏洞源于png_do_quantize函数处理畸形PNG文件时存在堆缓冲区越界读取，可能导致越界内存访问。

CVSS 6.1 · Medium EPSS 0.21% · P11

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1200 · Hardware Additions
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-64505

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
LIBPNG is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow in `png_do_quantize` via malformed palette index
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
LIBPNG is a reference library for use in applications that read, create, and manipulate PNG (Portable Network Graphics) raster image files. Prior to version 1.6.51, a heap buffer over-read vulnerability exists in libpng's png_do_quantize function when processing PNG files with malformed palette indices. The vulnerability occurs when palette_lookup array bounds are not validated against externally-supplied image data, allowing an attacker to craft a PNG file with out-of-range palette indices that trigger out-of-bounds memory access. This issue has been patched in version 1.6.51.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
跨界内存读
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
libpng 缓冲区错误漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
libpng是The PNG Development Group开源的一个可对PNG图形文件实现创建、读写等操作的PNG参考库。 libpng 1.6.51之前版本存在缓冲区错误漏洞，该漏洞源于png_do_quantize函数处理畸形PNG文件时存在堆缓冲区越界读取，可能导致越界内存访问。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
pnggroup libpng < 1.6.51 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-64505

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-64505

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Same Patch Batch · pnggroup · 2025-11-24 · 4 CVEs total

CVE-2025-64720 7.1 HIGH LIBPNG is vulnerable to a buffer overflow in `png_image_read_composite` via incorrect pale
CVE-2025-65018 7.1 HIGH LIBPNG is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow in `png_combine_row` triggered via `png_ima
CVE-2025-64506 6.1 MEDIUM LIBPNG is vulnerable to a heap buffer over-read in `png_write_image_8bit` with grayscale+a

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: libpng
Same vendor: pnggroup
Same weakness: CWE-125