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CVE-2025-69211— Nest has a Fastify URL Encoding Middleware Bypass (TOCTOU)

Quick assessment

Affected
nestjs nest
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

nest是nestjs开源的一个 Node.js 框架，用于使用 TypeScript/JavaScript 构建高效、可扩展和企业级的服务器端应用程序。 nest 11.1.11之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于Fastify URL编码中间件存在绕过，可能导致未经验证的用户访问受保护路由。

AI Predicted 9.8 Difficulty: Easy EPSS 0.38% · P31

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1190 · Exploit Public-Facing Application
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-69211

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Nest has a Fastify URL Encoding Middleware Bypass (TOCTOU)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Nest is a framework for building scalable Node.js server-side applications. Versions prior to 11.1.11 have a Fastify URL encoding middleware bypass. A NestJS application is vulnerable if it uses `@nestjs/platform-fastify`; relies on `NestMiddleware` (via `MiddlewareConsumer`) for security checks (authentication, authorization, etc.), or through `app.use()`; and applies middleware to specific routes using string paths or controllers (e.g., `.forRoutes('admin')`). Exploitation can result in unauthenticated users accessing protected routes, restricted administrative endpoints becoming accessible to lower-privileged users, and/or middleware performing sanitization or validation being skipped. This issue is patched in `@nestjs/platform-fastify@11.1.11`.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
检查时间与使用时间(TOCTOU)的竞争条件
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
nest 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
nest是nestjs开源的一个 Node.js 框架，用于使用 TypeScript/JavaScript 构建高效、可扩展和企业级的服务器端应用程序。 nest 11.1.11之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于Fastify URL编码中间件存在绕过，可能导致未经验证的用户访问受保护路由。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
nestjs nest < 11.1.11 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-69211

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-69211

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2025-69211 (1)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-69211 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: nest
Same vendor: nestjs
Same weakness: CWE-367

V. Comments for CVE-2025-69211

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