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CVE-2026-102278— brace-expansion: DoS via uncontrolled recursion on nested brace groups causing stack exhaustion

Quick assessment

Affected
juliangruber brace-expansion
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

brace-expansion 库会生成包含共同前缀和后缀的任意字符串。在版本 1.1.20、2.1.6、3.0.8 和 5.0.11 之前，深度嵌套的大括号组会导致 expand_() 函数在逗号成员和单集合展开位置处，每嵌套一层就递归一次。这会在使用输出限制之前耗尽原生调用栈，并可能导致 Node.js 进程终止。expand_ 函数对嵌套的大括号替代项和单部分集合执行无控制的递归。当向 expand_ 和 expand 函数提供来自不受信任来源的、深度嵌套的大括号组时，该函数受影响。逗号成员和单集合也受影响。

CVSS 7.5 · High

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1499.002 · Service Exhaustion Flood
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-102278

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
brace-expansion: DoS via uncontrolled recursion on nested brace groups causing stack exhaustion
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. Prior to 1.1.20, 2.1.6, 3.0.8, and 5.0.11, deeply nested brace groups cause expand_() to recurse once per nesting level at comma-member and single-set expansion sites, exhausting the native stack before output limits can apply and potentially terminating the Node.js process. expand_ performs uncontrolled recursion for nested brace alternatives and single-part sets. deeply nested brace groups supplied as an untrusted pattern. expand_ is affected. expand is affected. Comma members is affected. Single set is affected. native stack exhaustion during nested sub-expansion. process-terminating denial of service. This issue is fixed in versions 1.1.20, 2.1.6, 3.0.8, and 5.0.11.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
未加控制的资源消耗(资源穷尽)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
juliangruber brace-expansion >= 4.0.0, < 5.0.11 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-102278

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-102278

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Other References for CVE-2026-102278 (4)

Same Patch Batch · juliangruber · 2026-09-28 · 3 CVEs total

CVE-2026-102276 7.5 HIGH brace-expansion: DoS via uncontrolled recursion in parseCommaParts causing stack exhaustio
CVE-2026-102277 5.3 MEDIUM brace-expansion: Quadratic-time expansion of the `{a},b}` rewrite causes CPU denial of ser

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: brace-expansion
Same vendor: juliangruber
Same weakness: CWE-400

V. Comments for CVE-2026-102278

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