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CVE-2026-10678— NULL-pointer / out-of-bounds write in Zephyr MCTP I2C+GPIO target binding driven by an unauthenticated I2C controller

Quick assessment

Affected
zephyrproject zephyr
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

zephyrproject zephyr是zephyrproject组织开源的一款实时操作系统内核。 zephyrproject Zephyr 4.3.0版本及之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于MCTP-over-I2C+GPIO目标绑定(mctp_i2c_gpio_target.c)中的mctp_i2c_gpio_target_write_received()函数在接收缓冲区未分配时取消引用并写入，以及存在写后检查的边界测试，触发空指针写入和单字节堆溢出，可能导致内存损坏或拒绝服务。

CVSS 8.1 · High EPSS 0.39% · P31

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 2 AI

T1063 T1053 · Scheduled Task/Job

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
zephyrproject zephyr 4.3.0< 4.5.0 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-10678

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
NULL-pointer / out-of-bounds write in Zephyr MCTP I2C+GPIO target binding driven by an unauthenticated I2C controller
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
The MCTP-over-I2C+GPIO target binding in Zephyr (subsys/pmci/mctp/mctp_i2c_gpio_target.c) processes pseudo-register writes from an I2C bus master byte-by-byte in mctp_i2c_gpio_target_write_received() without validating the order or the receive buffer. In the affected versions the MCTP_I2C_GPIO_RX_MSG_ADDR (data) handler dereferences and writes through b->rx_pkt without checking that the receive buffer was allocated: a controller that selects the data register and writes a byte without first sending the length register (which is what allocates the buffer) causes a write of an attacker-chosen byte through a NULL/unallocated mctp_pktbuf pointer (i.e. into a small attacker-advanceable offset above address 0), producing memory corruption or a hard fault. The same handler also performs a write-then-check bounds test, allowing a one-byte heap overflow at data[255] when more than 255 data bytes are sent. Because the I2C target callback is invoked with raw bytes supplied by whatever device is the bus master and the binding performs no authentication, a malicious or malfunctioning controller on the bus can trigger these without any prior protocol state, leading to memory corruption and/or denial of service on the target device. The vulnerable code was introduced when the I2C+GPIO target binding was added and shipped in Zephyr v4.3.0 and v4.4.0. The fix defers allocation to the first data byte with a NULL check, treats a missing length as a zero-sized packet rejected by libmctp, and moves the bounds check before the store.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
空指针解引用
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
zephyrproject zephyr 异常处理不当漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
zephyrproject zephyr是zephyrproject组织开源的一款实时操作系统内核。 zephyrproject Zephyr 4.3.0版本及之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于MCTP-over-I2C+GPIO目标绑定(mctp_i2c_gpio_target.c)中的mctp_i2c_gpio_target_write_received()函数在接收缓冲区未分配时取消引用并写入，以及存在写后检查的边界测试，触发空指针写入和单字节堆溢出，可能导致内存损坏或拒绝服务。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
zephyrproject zephyr 4.3.0 ~ 4.5.0 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-10678

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-10678

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-10678 (1)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-10678 (1)

Same Patch Batch · zephyrproject · 2026-07-21 · 6 CVEs total

CVE-2026-10680 7.6 HIGH Out-of-bounds access in Zephyr BR/EDR L2CAP configuration request handling via `uint16_t`
CVE-2026-10677 6.5 MEDIUM Kernel heap memory leak in `z_vrfy_k_poll()` lets an unprivileged user thread exhaust the
CVE-2026-10674 5.5 MEDIUM DoS (hard fault) in NXP LPUART driver: unsupported runtime UART config leaves clocks disab
CVE-2026-10675 4.3 MEDIUM Bluetooth Mesh PB-ADV: invalidated provisioning link kept alive indefinitely, blocking (re
CVE-2026-10679 3.3 LOW Divide-by-zero in DesignWare SPI driver reachable from spi_transceive syscall (local DoS)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: zephyr
Same vendor: zephyrproject
Same weakness: CWE-476

V. Comments for CVE-2026-10678

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