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CVE-2026-12490— Bypass of client certificate verification with transfer over TLS

Quick assessment

Affected
NLnet Labs NSD
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

NLnet Labs NSD是荷兰NLnet Labs组织的一款DNS服务器软件。 NLnet Labs NSD 4.10.1版本至4.14.3之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于认证缺失，可能导致攻击者绕过客户端证书验证。

AI Predicted 5.3 Difficulty: Moderate EPSS 0.22% · P11

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1557 · Adversary-in-the-Middle

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
NLnet Labs NSD 4.10.1< 4.14.3 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-12490

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Bypass of client certificate verification with transfer over TLS
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
When a provide-xfr is given with a tls-auth-name, a secondary requesting a transfer should provide a client certificate with that name. However, no client certificate is needed when the request comes in over TLS over the regular tls-port (and not the tls-auth-port) or over over TCP over the regular port, when the other conditions of the provide-xfr rule match.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
关键功能的认证机制缺失
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
NLnet Labs NSD 权限许可和访问控制问题漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
NLnet Labs NSD是荷兰NLnet Labs组织的一款DNS服务器软件。 NLnet Labs NSD 4.10.1版本至4.14.3之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于认证缺失，可能导致攻击者绕过客户端证书验证。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
NLnet Labs NSD 4.10.1 ~ 4.14.3 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-12490

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-12490

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-12490 (1)

Same Patch Batch · NLnet Labs · 2026-06-25 · 4 CVEs total

CVE-2026-12245 Denial of DNS over TLS service by any DoT client
CVE-2026-12246 Out of bounds stack write with crafted APL RR
CVE-2026-12244 Heap overflow and crash with crafted SVCB RR

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: NSD
Same vendor: NLnet Labs
Same weakness: CWE-306

V. Comments for CVE-2026-12490

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