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CVE-2026-125251— FFmpeg through 9.0.2 VVC Decoder Heap Out-of-Bounds Write via refs.c

Quick assessment

Affected
FFmpeg FFmpeg
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

FFmpeg 9.0.2 及更早版本在 libavcodec/vvc/refs.c 文件的 VVC 解码器 alloc_frame() 函数中存在整数溢出漏洞。该漏洞在 32 位构建中会导致参考图像列表分配空间不足。攻击者可提供一个特制的 VVC（H.266）文件，其中每个访问单元包含大量 NAL 单元，从而触发堆越界写入并破坏内存。

CVSS 7.0 · High

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1190 · Exploit Public-Facing Application

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
FFmpeg FFmpeg ≤ 9.0.2 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-125251

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
FFmpeg through 9.0.2 VVC Decoder Heap Out-of-Bounds Write via refs.c
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
FFmpeg through 9.0.2 contains an integer overflow vulnerability in the VVC decoder alloc_frame() function in libavcodec/vvc/refs.c that undersizes the reference picture list allocation on 32-bit builds. Attackers can supply a crafted VVC (H.266) file with a very large number of NAL units per access unit to trigger heap out-of-bounds writes and corrupt memory.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
整数溢出或超界折返
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
FFmpeg FFmpeg 0 ~ 9.0.2 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-125251

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-125251

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Other References for CVE-2026-125251 (4)

Same Patch Batch · FFmpeg · 2026-11-09 · 121 CVEs total

CVE-2026-125233 7.8 HIGH FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Heap Buffer Overflow via DVB Subtitle Encoder
CVE-2026-125209 7.8 HIGH FFmpeg before 8.1.3 and 9.x before 9.0.2 Heap Buffer Overflow via dvdsubenc.c
CVE-2026-125250 7.8 HIGH FFmpeg through 9.0.2 GIF Encoder Heap Buffer Overflow via shrunk_buf Remap
CVE-2026-125267 7.8 HIGH FFmpeg before 8.1.3 and 9.x before 9.0.2 Heap Out-of-Bounds Write via APAC Decoder
CVE-2026-125262 7.8 HIGH FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Heap Buffer Overflow via LCEVC Enhancement Decoding
CVE-2026-125203 7.8 HIGH FFmpeg before 8.1.3 and 9.x before 9.0.2 Heap Buffer Overflow in Cook Multichannel Decoder
CVE-2026-125259 7.8 HIGH FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Heap Buffer Overflow via ProRes prores_ks Encoder
CVE-2026-125229 7.8 HIGH FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Out-of-Bounds Memory Access in Huffyuv/FFVHUFF Median Predictor
CVE-2026-125244 7.8 HIGH FFmpeg before 8.1.3 and 9.x before 9.0.2 VVC Decoder Out-of-Bounds Write via sh_entry_poin
CVE-2026-125210 7.0 HIGH FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Heap Overflow in libaribcaption Text Subtitle Decoding
CVE-2026-125211 7.0 HIGH FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Heap Corruption via libaribcaption ASS Error Cleanup
CVE-2026-125181 7.0 HIGH FFmpeg through 9.0.2 FLIC Decoder Out-of-Bounds Write via FLI_BRUN Byte Swap
CVE-2026-125222 7.0 HIGH FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Heap Buffer Overflow via hap_parse_frame_header()
CVE-2026-125260 7.0 HIGH FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Heap Buffer Overflow in EXR Encoder RLE Path
CVE-2026-125218 7.0 HIGH FFmpeg through 9.0.2 APNG Encoder Heap Buffer Overflow via encode_apng()
CVE-2026-125248 7.0 HIGH FFmpeg 9.0 through 9.0.2 Integer Overflow via FFV1 Vulkan Encoder Remap Buffer
CVE-2026-125212 7.0 HIGH FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Heap Buffer Overflow via VideoToolbox Encoder
CVE-2026-125213 7.0 HIGH FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Heap Buffer Overflow via PSD Decoder RLE Path
CVE-2026-125249 7.0 HIGH FFmpeg 7.1 through 9.0.2 Heap Out-of-Bounds Write via Vulkan Slice Buffer Sizing
CVE-2026-125257 7.0 HIGH FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Heap Overflow via Nellymoser Encoder Trellis Search

Showing top 20 of 121 CVEs. View all on vendor page → →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: FFmpeg
Same vendor: FFmpeg
Same weakness: CWE-190