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CVE-2026-19028— HDF5 integer underflow in Fletcher32 filter leads to massive out-of-bounds read

Quick assessment

Affected
The HDF Group HDF5
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

HDF Group hdf5是HDF Group组织的一个支持海量数据存储与管理的文件格式库。 HDF Group hdf5 2.3.0及之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于H5Z__filter_fletcher32函数在计算校验和数据长度时未检查缓冲区是否至少为4字节，导致size_t下溢，可能允许攻击者通过特制的HDF5文件触发H5Dread，造成大规模越界读取和应用程序崩溃，导致拒绝服务。

CVSS 6.8 · Medium EPSS 0.18% · P7

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1496 · Resource Hijacking

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
The HDF Group HDF5 <=2.3.0 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-19028

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
HDF5 integer underflow in Fletcher32 filter leads to massive out-of-bounds read
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
H5Z__filter_fletcher32 in H5Zfletcher32.c in HDF5 through 2.3.0 computes the data length to checksum by subtracting the 4-byte trailing checksum size from the input buffer size without checking that the buffer is at least 4 bytes, allowing a size_t underflow. This allows attackers to cause a denial of service (massively out-of-bounds read and application crash in H5_checksum_fletcher32) via a crafted HDF5 file with a Fletcher32-filtered chunk smaller than 4 bytes, triggered via H5Dread, e.g. by the h5ls or h5dump tools.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
整数溢出或超界折返
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
HDF Group hdf5 缓冲区错误漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
HDF Group hdf5是HDF Group组织的一个支持海量数据存储与管理的文件格式库。 HDF Group hdf5 2.3.0及之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于H5Z__filter_fletcher32函数在计算校验和数据长度时未检查缓冲区是否至少为4字节，导致size_t下溢，可能允许攻击者通过特制的HDF5文件触发H5Dread，造成大规模越界读取和应用程序崩溃，导致拒绝服务。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
The HDF Group HDF5 <=2.3.0 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-19028

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-19028

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-19028 (1)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-19028 (2)

Same Patch Batch · The HDF Group · 2026-08-05 · 6 CVEs total

CVE-2026-19024 8.2 HIGH HDF5 H5Pget_fill_value NULL Pointer Dereference via Malformed Fill Value Message
CVE-2026-19027 6.9 MEDIUM HDF5 out-of-bounds heap read in N-Bit filter decompression
CVE-2026-19023 6.8 MEDIUM HDF5 h5dump Untrusted Pointer Dereference in Binary Output of Variable-Length String Datas
CVE-2026-19025 6.8 MEDIUM HDF5 divide-by-zero (SIGFPE) via mismatched chunk-layout dimensionality and dataspace rank
CVE-2026-19026 6.8 MEDIUM Nbit filter NULL/short parameter-array dereference

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: HDF5
Same vendor: The HDF Group
Same weakness: CWE-190

V. Comments for CVE-2026-19028

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