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CVE-2026-23181— btrfs: sync read disk super and set block size

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于未同步读取磁盘超级块并设置块大小，可能导致映射计算错误。

AI Predicted 5.5 Difficulty: Moderate EPSS 0.18% · P7

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1068 · Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Affected Version Matrix 6

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux 3c20917120ce61f2a123ca0810293872f4c6b5a4< ccb3c75d57039adb3170ae54a0d470e359705984 affected
3c20917120ce61f2a123ca0810293872f4c6b5a4< 3f29d661e5686f3aa14e6f11537ff5c49846f2e2 affected
6.15 affected
< 6.15 unaffected
6.18.10≤ 6.18.* unaffected
6.19≤ * unaffected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-23181

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
btrfs: sync read disk super and set block size
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: sync read disk super and set block size When the user performs a btrfs mount, the block device is not set correctly. The user sets the block size of the block device to 0x4000 by executing the BLKBSZSET command. Since the block size change also changes the mapping->flags value, this further affects the result of the mapping_min_folio_order() calculation. Let's analyze the following two scenarios: Scenario 1: Without executing the BLKBSZSET command, the block size is 0x1000, and mapping_min_folio_order() returns 0; Scenario 2: After executing the BLKBSZSET command, the block size is 0x4000, and mapping_min_folio_order() returns 2. do_read_cache_folio() allocates a folio before the BLKBSZSET command is executed. This results in the allocated folio having an order value of 0. Later, after BLKBSZSET is executed, the block size increases to 0x4000, and the mapping_min_folio_order() calculation result becomes 2. This leads to two undesirable consequences: 1. filemap_add_folio() triggers a VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(folio_order(folio) < mapping_min_folio_order(mapping)) assertion. 2. The syzbot report [1] shows a null pointer dereference in create_empty_buffers() due to a buffer head allocation failure. Synchronization should be established based on the inode between the BLKBSZSET command and read cache page to prevent inconsistencies in block size or mapping flags before and after folio allocation. [1] KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000000-0x0000000000000007] RIP: 0010:create_empty_buffers+0x4d/0x480 fs/buffer.c:1694 Call Trace: folio_create_buffers+0x109/0x150 fs/buffer.c:1802 block_read_full_folio+0x14c/0x850 fs/buffer.c:2403 filemap_read_folio+0xc8/0x2a0 mm/filemap.c:2496 do_read_cache_folio+0x266/0x5c0 mm/filemap.c:4096 do_read_cache_page mm/filemap.c:4162 [inline] read_cache_page_gfp+0x29/0x120 mm/filemap.c:4195 btrfs_read_disk_super+0x192/0x500 fs/btrfs/volumes.c:1367
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于未同步读取磁盘超级块并设置块大小，可能导致映射计算错误。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux 3c20917120ce61f2a123ca0810293872f4c6b5a4 ~ ccb3c75d57039adb3170ae54a0d470e359705984 -
Linux Linux 6.15 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-23181

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-23181

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Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2026-02-14 · 108 CVEs total

CVE-2025-71202 8.8 HIGH iommu/sva: invalidate stale IOTLB entries for kernel address space
CVE-2026-23193 8.8 HIGH scsi: target: iscsi: Fix use-after-free in iscsit_dec_session_usage_count()
CVE-2026-23172 8.4 HIGH net: wwan: t7xx: fix potential skb->frags overflow in RX path
CVE-2026-23209 7.8 HIGH macvlan: fix error recovery in macvlan_common_newlink()
CVE-2026-23169 7.8 HIGH mptcp: fix race in mptcp_pm_nl_flush_addrs_doit()
CVE-2026-23171 7.8 HIGH bonding: fix use-after-free due to enslave fail after slave array update
CVE-2025-71221 7.8 HIGH dmaengine: mmp_pdma: Fix race condition in mmp_pdma_residue()
CVE-2026-23178 7.8 HIGH HID: i2c-hid: fix potential buffer overflow in i2c_hid_get_report()
CVE-2026-23184 7.8 HIGH binder: fix UAF in binder_netlink_report()
CVE-2026-23185 7.8 HIGH wifi: iwlwifi: mld: cancel mlo_scan_start_wk
CVE-2026-23191 7.8 HIGH ALSA: aloop: Fix racy access at PCM trigger
CVE-2026-23192 7.8 HIGH linkwatch: use __dev_put() in callers to prevent UAF
CVE-2026-23198 7.8 HIGH KVM: Don't clobber irqfd routing type when deassigning irqfd
CVE-2025-71204 7.5 HIGH smb/server: fix refcount leak in parse_durable_handle_context()
CVE-2026-23139 7.5 HIGH netfilter: nf_conncount: update last_gc only when GC has been performed
CVE-2026-23148 7.5 HIGH nvmet: fix race in nvmet_bio_done() leading to NULL pointer dereference
CVE-2026-23136 7.5 HIGH libceph: reset sparse-read state in osd_fault()
CVE-2026-23161 7.3 HIGH mm/shmem, swap: fix race of truncate and swap entry split
CVE-2025-71201 7.1 HIGH netfs: Fix early read unlock of page with EOF in middle
CVE-2026-23204 7.1 HIGH net/sched: cls_u32: use skb_header_pointer_careful()

Showing top 20 of 108 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

V. Comments for CVE-2026-23181

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