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CVE-2026-25501— free5GC SMF crash (nil pointer dereference) on PFCP SessionReportRequest when ReportType.DLDR is set but DownlinkDataReport IE is missing

Quick assessment

Affected
free5gc smf
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

free5GC是free5GC开源的一个第 5 代 (5G) 移动核心网络的开源项目。 free5GC 1.4.1及之前版本存在代码问题漏洞，该漏洞源于处理畸形PFCP SessionReportRequest时出现空指针取消引用，可能导致SMF进程终止。

AI Predicted 7.5 Difficulty: Trivial EPSS 0.31% · P24

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1190 · Exploit Public-Facing Application
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-25501

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
free5GC SMF crash (nil pointer dereference) on PFCP SessionReportRequest when ReportType.DLDR is set but DownlinkDataReport IE is missing
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
free5GC SMF provides Session Management Function for free5GC, an open-source project for 5th generation (5G) mobile core networks. In versions up to and including 1.4.1, SMF panics due to nil pointer dereference and the SMF process terminates. This is triggered by a malformed PFCP SessionReportRequest on the SMF PFCP (UDP/8805) interface. No known upstream fix is available, but some workarounds are available. ACL/firewall the PFCP interface so only trusted UPF IPs can reach SMF (reduce spoofing/abuse surface); drop/inspect malformed PFCP SessionReportRequest messages at the network edge where feasible, and/or add recover() around PFCP handler dispatch to avoid whole-process termination (mitigation only).
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
空指针解引用
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
free5GC 代码问题漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
free5GC是free5GC开源的一个第 5 代 (5G) 移动核心网络的开源项目。 free5GC 1.4.1及之前版本存在代码问题漏洞，该漏洞源于处理畸形PFCP SessionReportRequest时出现空指针取消引用，可能导致SMF进程终止。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
free5gc smf <= 1.4.1 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-25501

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-25501

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-25501 (1)

Same Patch Batch · free5gc · 2026-02-24 · 6 CVEs total

CVE-2026-26025 free5GC SMF crash (nil pointer dereference) on PFCP SessionReportRequest when ReportType.U
CVE-2026-26024 free5GC SMF crash (nil pointer dereference) on PFCP SessionReportRequest when ReportType.U
CVE-2026-27642 free5GC has Improper Input Validation in UDM UEAU Service
CVE-2026-27643 free5GC has improper error handling in NEF with information exposure
CVE-2025-69253 free5GC vulnerable to improper error handling in NEF with information exposure

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: smf
Same vendor: free5gc
Same weakness: CWE-476

V. Comments for CVE-2026-25501

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