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CVE-2026-28684— python-dotenv: Symlink following in set_key allows arbitrary file overwrite via cross-device rename fallback

Quick assessment

Affected
theskumar python-dotenv
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

python-dotenv是Saurabh Kumar个人开发者的一个Python环境变量管理工具。 python-dotenv 1.2.2之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于set_key和unset_key函数在处理符号链接时存在缺陷，可能导致本地攻击者通过特制的符号链接覆盖任意文件。

CVSS 6.6 · Medium EPSS 0.19% · P7

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1222.001 · Windows Permissions
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-28684

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
python-dotenv: Symlink following in set_key allows arbitrary file overwrite via cross-device rename fallback
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
python-dotenv reads key-value pairs from a .env file and can set them as environment variables. Prior to version 1.2.2, `set_key()` and `unset_key()` in python-dotenv follow symbolic links when rewriting `.env` files, allowing a local attacker to overwrite arbitrary files via a crafted symlink when a cross-device rename fallback is triggered. Users should upgrade to v.1.2.2 or, as a workaround, apply the patch manually.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
在文件访问前对链接解析不恰当(链接跟随)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
python-dotenv 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
python-dotenv是Saurabh Kumar个人开发者的一个Python环境变量管理工具。 python-dotenv 1.2.2之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于set_key和unset_key函数在处理符号链接时存在缺陷，可能导致本地攻击者通过特制的符号链接覆盖任意文件。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
theskumar python-dotenv < 1.2.2 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-28684

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-28684

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-28684 (1)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-28684 (1)

Other References for CVE-2026-28684 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same weakness: CWE-59

V. Comments for CVE-2026-28684

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