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CVE-2026-49415— Local privilege escalation via execve(2) TOCTOU race

Quick assessment

Affected
FreeBSD FreeBSD
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

FreeBSD是FreeBSD基金会开源的一款类Unix操作系统。 FreeBSD 15.1-RELEASE p1之前版本、15.0-RELEASE p11之前版本、14.4-RELEASE p7之前版本和14.3-RELEASE p16之前版本存在竞争条件问题漏洞，该漏洞源于execve(2)调用SUID二进制文件时，新虚拟地址空间在进程凭据更新前安装，内核调试权限检查仍使用原始凭据，存在竞争条件，可能导致非特权本地用户修改SUID二进制地址空间，从而完全控制系统。

AI Predicted 7.8 Difficulty: Moderate EPSS 0.36% · P28

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 2 AI

T1055 · Process Injection T1206

Affected Version Matrix 4

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
FreeBSD FreeBSD 15.1-RELEASE< p1 affected
15.0-RELEASE< p11 affected
14.4-RELEASE< p7 affected
14.3-RELEASE< p16 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-49415

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Local privilege escalation via execve(2) TOCTOU race
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
During execve(2) of a SUID binary, the new virtual address space is installed before the process credentials are updated. During this window, a process running as the same user can access the target process's memory via procfs or linprocfs, because the kernel's debugging permission check still saw the original credentials. An unprivileged local user can exploit this race to modify the address space of a SUID binary before its credentials are elevated, potentially gaining full control of the affected system.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
检查时间与使用时间(TOCTOU)的竞争条件
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
FreeBSD 竞争条件问题漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
FreeBSD是FreeBSD基金会开源的一款类Unix操作系统。 FreeBSD 15.1-RELEASE p1之前版本、15.0-RELEASE p11之前版本、14.4-RELEASE p7之前版本和14.3-RELEASE p16之前版本存在竞争条件问题漏洞，该漏洞源于execve(2)调用SUID二进制文件时，新虚拟地址空间在进程凭据更新前安装，内核调试权限检查仍使用原始凭据，存在竞争条件，可能导致非特权本地用户修改SUID二进制地址空间，从而完全控制系统。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
FreeBSD FreeBSD 15.1-RELEASE ~ p1 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-49415

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-49415

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-49415 (1)

Same Patch Batch · FreeBSD · 2026-08-19 · 23 CVEs total

CVE-2026-49423 Remote DOS via uninitialized memory access in KTLS receive
CVE-2026-58087 Heap out-of-bounds access in semctl(2)
CVE-2026-58088 Race condition in ELF core dump segment counting
CVE-2026-58083 Use-after-free in kqueue copy-on-fork
CVE-2026-58084 Kernel stack disclosure via timer_settime(2)
CVE-2026-58085 Missing MAC validation in wg(4) packet decryption
CVE-2026-58086 ktrace(2) privilege incorrectly validated in jails
CVE-2026-49425 Kernel stack disclosure in 32-bit compatibility support
CVE-2026-49424 Kernel stack disclosure in Linux compatibility layer
CVE-2026-58081 Heap based buffer overflow in iconv(3)
CVE-2026-58082 Stack based buffer overflow in iconv(3)
CVE-2026-49418 Use-after-free in device pager page list
CVE-2026-49426 Incorrect audit records for ptrace(2) syscall requests
CVE-2026-49427 posixshm: largepage shared memory objects not explicitly wired
CVE-2026-49428 posixshm: system calls can incorrectly free memory of largepage objects
CVE-2026-49420 Buffer overflow in libalias RTSP handler
CVE-2026-49422 Use-after-free in TCP RACK stack option handler
CVE-2026-49421 unlinkat(2) ignores AT_RESOLVE_BENEATH flag
CVE-2026-49430 Kernel heap overflow in ZFS_IOC_RECV_NEW ioctl
CVE-2026-49429 Kernel heap overflow in ZFS_IOC_USERSPACE_MANY ioctl

Showing top 20 of 23 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: FreeBSD
Same vendor: FreeBSD
Same weakness: CWE-367

V. Comments for CVE-2026-49415

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