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CVE-2026-49496— Ghidra < 12.1 - Heap-Use-After-Free in SleighBuilder::generatePointerAdd via Vector Reallocation

Quick assessment

Affected
nationalsecurityagency ghidra
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

NSA Ghidra是美国国家安全局（National Security Agency）的一款开源逆向工程工具。 NSA Ghidra 12.1之前版本存在资源管理错误漏洞，该漏洞源于SleighBuilder::generatePointerAdd中迭代器失效导致释放后重用，攻击者可通过公共Sleigh::oneInstruction C++ API反编译恶意二进制文件触发内存损坏，影响下游SLEIGH库使用者。

CVSS 6.1 · Medium EPSS 0.18% · P7

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1203 · Exploitation for Client Execution

Affected Version Matrix 2

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
nationalsecurityagency ghidra < 12.1 affected
12.1 unaffected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-49496

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Ghidra < 12.1 - Heap-Use-After-Free in SleighBuilder::generatePointerAdd via Vector Reallocation
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Ghidra before 12.1 contains a heap-use-after-free vulnerability in SleighBuilder::generatePointerAdd caused by iterator invalidation when PcodeCacher::allocateInstruction reallocates the issued vector. Attackers can trigger memory corruption by decompiling malicious binaries through the public Sleigh::oneInstruction C++ API, affecting downstream SLEIGH library consumers.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
释放后使用
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
NSA Ghidra 资源管理错误漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
NSA Ghidra是美国国家安全局（National Security Agency）的一款开源逆向工程工具。 NSA Ghidra 12.1之前版本存在资源管理错误漏洞，该漏洞源于SleighBuilder::generatePointerAdd中迭代器失效导致释放后重用，攻击者可通过公共Sleigh::oneInstruction C++ API反编译恶意二进制文件触发内存损坏，影响下游SLEIGH库使用者。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
nationalsecurityagency ghidra 0 ~ 12.1 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-49496

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-49496

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2026-49496 (1)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-49496 (2)

Same Patch Batch · nationalsecurityagency · 2026-06-10 · 14 CVEs total

CVE-2026-52751 8.8 HIGH Ghidra < 12.1 - Remote Code Execution via Unfiltered RMI Deserialization in Shared Project
CVE-2026-52758 8.8 HIGH Ghidra < 12.1 - SQL Injection via Unescaped Filter Values in BSim Search
CVE-2026-52754 8.8 HIGH Ghidra < 12.1 - Authentication Bypass via Null Signature in PKIAuthenticationModule
CVE-2026-49498 8.8 HIGH Ghidra 11.0 < 12.1 - SQL Injection in PostgreSQL Password Change via Unescaped Username
CVE-2026-52755 7.8 HIGH Ghidra < 12.0.4 - Path Traversal via Zip Slip in Theme Import
CVE-2026-52750 7.8 HIGH Ghidra < 12.1- Command Injection via URL Annotation Click
CVE-2026-52752 7.8 HIGH Ghidra < 12.0.2 - Path Traversal in Extension Installer via ZIP Entry Names
CVE-2026-52753 5.5 MEDIUM Ghidra < 12.0.3 - Out-of-Memory in Rust Symbol Demangler via Malformed Symbol
CVE-2026-49495 5.5 MEDIUM Ghidra 10.2 < 12.1 - Denial of Service via Circular Reference in Mach-O Export Trie Parser
CVE-2026-52756 4.8 MEDIUM Ghidra < 12.2 - Unauthenticated Path Traversal in Debugger ISF Server
CVE-2026-52757 4.4 MEDIUM Ghidra < 12.1 - Heap-use-after-free in HighVariable::merge() during decompilation
CVE-2026-49497 3.3 LOW Ghidra < 12.1 - Path Traversal via .gnu_debuglink in DWARF External Debug File Resolution
CVE-2024-58350 2.9 LOW Ghidra < 11.2 - Use After Free in Sleigh Backend via Static Initialization Order

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: ghidra
Same vendor: nationalsecurityagency
Same weakness: CWE-416

V. Comments for CVE-2026-49496

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