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CWE-476 空指针解引用 类漏洞列表 1388

CWE-476 空指针解引用 类弱点 1388 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-476空指针解引用属于内存安全类漏洞，指程序在指针为NULL时仍尝试访问其指向的内存。攻击者通常通过构造特定输入触发空指针，导致程序崩溃引发拒绝服务，或在特定架构下利用该异常改变执行流以执行恶意代码。开发者应避免在解引用前未验证指针有效性，通过添加空值检查、使用静态分析工具检测潜在风险，并确保代码逻辑能妥善处理无效指针情况，从而从根本上消除隐患。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-476 NULL Pointer Dereference（空指针解引用） 英文：The product dereferences a pointer that it expects to be valid but is NULL. 译文：产品解引用了一个它预期为有效但实际上为 NULL 的指针。
常见影响 (2)
Availability DoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart
NULL pointer dereferences usually result in the failure of the process unless exception handling (on some platforms) is available and implemented. Even when exception handling is being used, it can still be very difficult to return the software to a safe state of operation.
Integrity, Confidentiality Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands, Read Memory, Modify Memory
In rare circumstances, when NULL is equivalent to the 0x0 memory address and privileged code can access it, then writing or reading memory is possible, which may lead to code execution.
缓解措施 (5)
Implementation For any pointers that could have been modified or provided from a function that can return NULL, check the pointer for NULL before use. When working with a multithreaded or otherwise asynchronous environment, ensure that proper locking APIs are used to lock before the check, and unlock when it has finished [REF-1484].
Requirements Select a programming language that is not susceptible to these issues.
Implementation Check the results of all functions that return a value and verify that the value is non-null before acting upon it.
Effectiveness: Moderate
Architecture and Design Identify all variables and data stores that receive information from external sources, and apply input validation to make sure that they are only initialized to expected values.
Implementation Explicitly initialize all variables and other data stores, either during declaration or just before the first usage.
代码示例 (2)
This example takes an IP address from a user, verifies that it is well formed and then looks up the hostname and copies it into a buffer.
void host_lookup(char *user_supplied_addr){ struct hostent *hp; in_addr_t *addr; char hostname[64]; in_addr_t inet_addr(const char *cp); /*routine that ensures user_supplied_addr is in the right format for conversion */ validate_addr_form(user_supplied_addr); addr = inet_addr(user_supplied_addr); hp = gethostbyaddr( addr, sizeof(struct in_addr), AF_INET); strcpy(hostname, hp->h_name); }
Bad · C
In the following code, the programmer assumes that the system always has a property named "cmd" defined. If an attacker can control the program's environment so that "cmd" is not defined, the program throws a NULL pointer exception when it attempts to call the trim() method.
String cmd = System.getProperty("cmd"); cmd = cmd.trim();
Bad · Java
CVE ID 标题 CVSS 风险等级 Published
CVE-2021-3443 JasPer 代码问题漏洞 — jasper 5.5 - 2021-03-25
CVE-2020-17525 Apache Subversion 代码问题漏洞 — Apache Subversion 7.5 - 2021-03-17
CVE-2021-25674 Siemens SIMATIC 代码问题漏洞 — SIMATIC S7-PLCSIM V5.4 5.5 - 2021-03-15
CVE-2021-20274 Privoxy 代码问题漏洞 — privoxy 7.5 - 2021-03-09
CVE-2020-25639 Linux kernel 代码问题漏洞 — kernel 5.5 - 2021-03-04
CVE-2021-26927 JasPer 代码问题漏洞 — jasper 5.5 - 2021-02-23
CVE-2020-27819 Libxls 代码问题漏洞 — libxls 5.5 - 2021-02-23
CVE-2020-35499 Linux kernel 代码问题漏洞 — kernel 6.7 - 2021-02-19
CVE-2021-21702 PHP 代码问题漏洞 — PHP 5.3 Medium 2021-02-15
CVE-2021-21057 Adobe Acrobat Reader 代码问题漏洞 — Acrobat Reader 6.6 Medium 2021-02-11
CVE-2020-13583 Micrium uC-HTTP 代码问题漏洞 — Micrium 7.5 - 2021-02-10
CVE-2020-13575 Genivia gSOAP 代码问题漏洞 — gSOAP 7.5 High 2021-02-10
CVE-2021-23883 迈克菲 McAfee Endpoint Security 代码问题漏洞 — Endpoint Security (ENS) for Windows 4.0 Medium 2021-02-10
CVE-2020-13574 Genivia gSOAP 代码问题漏洞 — Genivia 7.5 - 2021-02-10
CVE-2020-13577 Genivia gSOAP 代码问题漏洞 — Genivia 7.5 - 2021-02-10
CVE-2020-13578 Genivia gSOAP 代码问题漏洞 — Genivia 7.5 - 2021-02-10
CVE-2020-12514 Pepperl Fuchs IO-link Master 系列产品代码问题漏洞 — Comtrol IO-Link Master 6.6 Medium 2021-01-22
CVE-2020-8569 Kubernetes 代码问题漏洞 — CSI Snapshotter 4.3 Medium 2021-01-21
CVE-2021-0206 Juniper Networks Junos OS 产品代码问题漏洞 — Junos OS 7.5 High 2021-01-15
CVE-2020-27279 Red Lion Controls Crimson 代码问题漏洞 — Crimson 3.1 7.5 - 2021-01-06
CVE-2020-35507 GNU Binutils 代码问题漏洞 — binutils 5.5 - 2021-01-04
CVE-2020-35496 GNU Binutils 代码问题漏洞 — binutils 5.5 - 2021-01-04
CVE-2020-35495 GNU Binutils 代码问题漏洞 — binutils 5.5 - 2021-01-04
CVE-2020-25692 OpenLDAP 代码问题漏洞 — openldap 7.5 - 2020-12-08
CVE-2020-26235 Rust time crate 代码问题漏洞 — time 5.3 Medium 2020-11-24
CVE-2020-26213 Kitabisa Teler 代码问题漏洞 — teler 5.9 Medium 2020-11-06
CVE-2020-24421 Adobe InDesign 代码问题漏洞 — InDesign 5.5 Medium 2020-10-21
CVE-2020-25858 Qualcomm QCMAP 代码问题漏洞 — Qualcomm QCMAP 7.5 - 2020-10-15
CVE-2020-9746 Adobe Flash Player 代码问题漏洞 — Flash Player 7.0 High 2020-10-14
CVE-2020-15204 Google TensorFlow 代码问题漏洞 — tensorflow 5.3 Medium 2020-09-25

CWE-476（空指针解引用） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 1388 条 CVE 漏洞。