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CVE-2025-4382— Grub2: grub allow access to encrypted device through cli once root device is unlocked via tpm

Quick assessment

Affected
CVE-2025-4382
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

GNU GRUB是GNU社区的一款Linux系统引导程序。 GNU GRUB 2存在访问控制错误漏洞，该漏洞源于GRUB在TPM自动解密时未清除内存中的密钥，可能导致物理访问攻击者获取未加密数据。

CVSS 5.9 · Medium EPSS 0.35% · P28

Affected Version Matrix 7

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
None None ≤ 2.12 affected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 any affected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 any affected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 any affected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 any affected
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 any affected
any affected

I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-4382

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Grub2: grub allow access to encrypted device through cli once root device is unlocked via tpm
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
A flaw was found in systems utilizing LUKS-encrypted disks with GRUB configured for TPM-based auto-decryption. When GRUB is set to automatically decrypt disks using keys stored in the TPM, it reads the decryption key into system memory. If an attacker with physical access can corrupt the underlying filesystem superblock, GRUB will fail to locate a valid filesystem and enter rescue mode. At this point, the disk is already decrypted, and the decryption key remains loaded in system memory. This scenario may allow an attacker with physical access to access the unencrypted data without any further authentication, thereby compromising data confidentiality. Furthermore, the ability to force this state through filesystem corruption also presents a data integrity concern.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
关键功能的认证机制缺失
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
GNU GRUB 访问控制错误漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
GNU GRUB是GNU社区的一款Linux系统引导程序。 GNU GRUB 2存在访问控制错误漏洞，该漏洞源于GRUB在TPM自动解密时未清除内存中的密钥，可能导致物理访问攻击者获取未加密数据。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
- - 0 ~ 2.12 -
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 - cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 - cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 - cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 - cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 - cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 - cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-4382

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-4382

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IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same weakness: CWE-306